Neurochemical and functional neuroimaging of negative and positive valence systems in binge eating

 描述（由申请人提供）：为了实现建立一个强大的，独立的研究计划检查饮食失调的生物学基础的长期目标，这个K23职业发展奖将提供新的方法和数据分析方法的培训，通过指导，教学教育，并利用这些技能动手实施研究项目。暴饮暴食是暴饮暴食症的主要症状， 神经性厌食症和神经性厌食症-暴饮暴食/腹泻型，与共病精神疾病和心理社会功能受损相关的疾病。暴饮暴食的个体之间存在很大的异质性，这会降低治疗效果。对于一些患者来说，暴饮暴食事件之前有负面影响的报告，因此被认为是为了调节情绪而寻求奖励。然而，人们对暴饮暴食者的基本情绪调节知之甚少，也不知道情绪过程和奖励功能之间的关系。拟议的研究将利用一个既定的范式，以检查内隐调节的反应，急性威胁（使用功能磁共振成像在完成情绪冲突任务）的妇女谁从事暴饮暴食。该研究还将使用fMRI和多巴胺受体可用性测量静息状态功能连接，以研究情绪和暴食的差异如何与潜在的大脑连接和与接近动机相关的神经化学功能相关。这些数据将被用来区分暴食者的亚型，他们通过情绪或奖励途径进行暴食。研究结果将提高我们对调节对急性威胁的反应的能力的理解，这些能力在一些暴食者中可能起不同的作用，并使他们处于预后不良的风险中。这可能为通过计算机任务或生物反馈针对潜在神经过程的干预提供了新的方向。除了提供关于暴饮暴食者潜在情绪调节，连接和多巴胺功能的个体差异的初步数据外，该奖项还将提供广泛的方法培训，包括先进的功能磁共振成像分析和PET成像，统计学以及在饮食失调背景下研究情绪的方法。该奖项的具体培训目标包括：（1）实现先进的神经成像技术的能力，如静息状态连接，以更好地了解饮食失调情绪调节困难的生物学基础;（2）发展情绪及其调节的标准化测量的专业知识;（3）通过将PET成像添加到我的技能组合中来扩展神经成像的培训;以及（4）提高进行多模态、多层次统计建模以分析复杂数据集的能力。为了实现这些目标，已经确定了适当的研讨会，科学会议和课程，以及在应用研究项目的过程中由具有饮食失调，神经影像学，情感，方法学，统计学和职业发展专业知识的导师和顾问团队进行指导的具体计划。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In order to achieve the long-term goal of establishing a strong, independent research program examining the biological bases of eating disorders, this K23 Career Development Award will provide training in new methodology and data analysis methods through mentorship, didactic education, and hands-on implementation of a research project utilizing these skills. Binge eating is a primary symptom in binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, and anorexia nervosa - binge/purge type, disorders that are associated with comorbid psychiatric conditions and impaired psychosocial functioning. There is a great deal of heterogeneity among individuals engaging in binge eating, which can diminish treatment efficacy. For some patients, binge eating episodes are preceded by reports of negative affect, and thus thought of as reward-seeking in effort to regulate emotion. However, little is known about basic underlying emotion regulation in individuals who engage in binge eating, nor about the relation between emotional processes and reward function. The proposed study will utilize an established paradigm to examine implicit regulation of response to acute threat (using fMRI during completion of an emotion conflict task) in women who engage in binge eating. The study will also measure resting state functional connectivity using fMRI and dopamine receptor availability in order to examine how differences in emotion and binge eating may relate to underlying brain connection and neurochemical function related to approach motivation. These data will be utilized to differentiate subtypes of binge eaters who engage in binge eating either through emotional or reward-focused pathways. Findings will improve our understanding of how ability to regulate response to acute threat may function differently in some binge eaters and put them at risk for poor prognosis. This may suggest new directions for interventions that target underlying neural processes via computer tasks or biofeedback. In addition to providing preliminary data on individual differences in underlying emotion regulation, connectivity, and dopamine function among binge eaters, the award will provide extensive training in methods, including advanced fMRI analysis and PET imaging, statistics, and approaches to studying emotion in the context of eating disorders. The specific training goals for the duration of the award include (1) achieving competence in advanced neuroimaging techniques, such as resting-state connectivity, to better understand the biological basis for emotion regulation difficulties in eating disorders; (2) developing expertise in standardized measures of of emotion and its regulation; (3) expanding training in neuroimaging by adding PET imaging to my skillset; and (4) increasing ability to conduct multi-modal, multi-level statistical modeling to analyze complex datasets. To achieve these goals, appropriate seminars, scientific conferences, and courses have been identified, as well as specific plans for mentorship over the course of the applied research project by a team of mentors and consultants with expertise in eating disorders, neuroimaging, emotion, methodology, statistics, and career development.