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The Interplay of Behavior, Environment, and Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Risk

行为、环境和微生物群在结直肠癌风险中的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
9130808
负责人：
Tiffany LaShaun Carson
金额：
$ 14.61万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-01 至 2020-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9130808
关键词：
Accounting Address Age Alabama Alcohol consumption Antibiotics Bacteria Behavior Behavior Therapy Behavioral Bioinformatics Biological Blood Cancer Burden Cancer Etiology Case-Control Studies Cessation of life Chronic Disease Clinic Clinical Colorectal Cancer Communities Consumption Control Groups Data Development Diagnosis Diet Early Diagnosis Environment Environmental Risk Factor Epidemiologist Ethnic group Family Fatty acid glycerol esters Feces Female Funding Future Gender Goals Grant Health Health Care Costs Healthcare High Fat Diet Hour Human Incidence Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Inflammatory Response Intervention Lead Life Style Link Literature Malignant Neoplasms Mediating Mentors Metabolism Microbe Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Obesity Oral Outcome Participant Physical activity Population Prevalence Prevention Processed Meats Psychological Stress Public Health Publications Publishing Race Recommendation Recording of previous events Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Research Design Research Personnel Research Project Grants Research Training Risk Risk Factors Saliva Sampling Science Smoking Specimen Stress Structure Surveys Taxon Techniques Testing Training United States Universities Woman Work Writing base cancer health disparity cancer risk career career development colon cancer patients cost evidence base experience gut microbiota health disparity improved innovation insight lifestyle factors male men microbial microbiota mortality novel pathogenic bacteria physical inactivity racial and ethnic racial difference racial diversity research study screening sex skills stress management

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dr. Tiffany Carson is an applied epidemiologist with a background in studying health disparities of black and white women. Dr. Carson's early work focused on behaviors related to diet, physical activity, obesity and related health outcomes. Recently, Dr. Carson has focused on applying her research efforts to better understand cancer disparities of black and white women. Dr. Carson's overarching career goal is to become an independently funded investigator and develop evidence-based bio-behavioral interventions to reduce cancer health disparities. To that end, this application proposes a rigorous research project and training plan focused on investigating the microbiota as a novel potential contributor to colorectal cancer (CRC) disparities between black and white women. CRC is the 2nd leading cause of cancer death in the United States accounting for 9% of cancer deaths. Known risk factors for CRC include increasing age, male sex, family history, inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical inactivity, high consumption of red and processed meats and high fat diet, and obesity. Among women, even after accounting for differences in the distribution of risk factors, black women remain at 48% greater risk for CRC than white women. There is a growing body of research suggesting that the influence of diet on CRC risk is mediated through the microbiota and that microbial perturbations caused by diet, lifestyle, and antibiotics can lead to increased risk for CRC and other chronic diseases. Stress is one factor that has been shown to lead to alterations in the microbiota. Our research has shown that black women report moderate to high stress levels and additional published literature indicates that black women report higher stress levels than their white counterparts. These observations have lead to our hypothesis that a greater proportion of black women have a perturbed microbiota as a result of higher stress levels compared to white women, putting black women at greater risk for developing CRC. In the present proposal, we plan to explore this hypothesis employing a case control study design comparing the following groups: 1) black and white women with incident CRC from the Kirklin Clinic at UAB and 2) age-matched cancer-free black and white female community controls. Specifically, we will first characterize the oral and gut microbiota of black and white women with CRC and compare by race with particular focus on microbes known to be either positively or negatively associated with CRC. Because all cases will have CRC, we hypothesize that there will be no significant racial differences in the microbiota or other known risk factors for CRC such as diet. In contrast, when we repeat this experiment in cancer-free black and white female community controls, we expect to observe racial differences in the microbiota, with black women having less health-promoting bacteria and more pathogenic bacteria than white women, which would put black women at increased risk for CRC. We anticipate that a greater proportion of black females in the control group will have microbiota that resembles the microbiota of participants with CRC. Additionally, if our hypothesis is supported, psychological stress with be inversely associated with health-promoting bacteria and positively associated with pathogenic bacteria. Our findings will provide insight into how lifestyle factors that have not been fully explored to date such as stress may be associated with risk for CRC as a result of how stress perturbs the microbiota. If we determine that stress contributes to CRC risk via microbial perturbations, future bio-behavioral interventions that incorporate stress management and dietary/supplemental recommendations to promote mucosal health, and therefore reduce CRC risk, can be developed and implemented which could lead to diminished health care costs related to diagnosis and treatment and reduce CRC disparities between black and white women. In addition to providing valuable data, the proposed research project will also provide the opportunity for the additional training needed for Dr. Carson's development as an independently funded bio-behavioral cancer disparities researcher. Dr. Carson will engage in an intensive, structured training experience to develop expertise by completing the following: 1) Training in the recruitment of racially diverse clinical and community populations for bio-specimen and bio-banking research, 2) Obtaining hands-on and didactic training in bioinformatics techniques, and 3) Improving professional skills such as team science, networking, grant writing, mentoring, and high-impact publications. Under the guidance of an esteemed panel of mentors and collaborators and the high quality research and training environment that the University of Alabama at Birmingham offers, Dr. Carson's research and training experiences will make a significant contribution to the scientific community and Dr. Carson's overall career development.