Literacy skills in deaf readers

聋人读者的识字技能

• 批准号: 8960343
• 负责人: Matthew J Traxler
• 金额: $ 19.35万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-01 至 2018-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8960343
• 关键词: Address; Area; Attention; Auditory; Awareness; Basic Science; Behavior; Characteristics; Chinese People; Comprehension; Consensus; Cues; Data; Dependency; Development; Eye; Eye Movements; Foundations; Future; Goals; Health; Hearing; Hearing Impaired Persons; Individual; Individual Differences; Instruction; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Language; Lead; Learning; Light; Linguistics; Link; Literature; Measures; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Monitor; Nature; Organism; Outcome; Pattern; Performance; Population; Printing; Process; Property; Protocols documentation; Psycholinguistics; Reaction Time; Reader; Reading; Research; Research Personnel; Semantics; Short-Term Memory; Techniques; Testing; Text; Thinking; Time; Training; Vocabulary; Work; base; bilingualism; burden of illness; cognitive process; deaf students; deafness; design; disability; executive function; experience; high school; improved; indexing; innovation; insight; language processing; lexical; lexical processing; literacy; novel; oral communication; phonology; reading ability; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sample fixation; skills; success; syntax; theories; third grade; visual process; visual processing

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Achieving high levels of reading proficiency in the deaf population has resisted our best efforts in both research and practice [1]. Progress in this area is limited by the lack of basic science research that focuses on deaf readers. In particular, we know almost nothing about syntactic processing of English in deaf readers. The immediate goal of the proposed research is to uncover basic facts about on-line processing and comprehension of English sentences in this population. The long-range goal is to use this knowledge to design more effective materials and methods to enhance literacy. Thus, the proposed research furthers NIH's mission of seeking fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and applying that knowledge to enhance health and reduce the burdens of illness and disability. The specific aims of the project include the following: (1) to investigate the effects of syntactic complexity on processing time and comprehension in deaf readers; (2) to investigate how individual differences moderate the effects of syntactic complexity on processing time and comprehension. The proposed experiments manipulate syntactic properties of English sentences and measure the effects of those manipulations on patterns of eye-movements during reading. Comprehension outcomes are also assessed. We will contrast performance in deaf readers, hearing Chinese-English bilingual readers who have English as a second language, and hearing native English readers. The chief dependent measures will be fixation times and responses to comprehension questions. These data will allow us to determine how much difficulty deaf readers have processing and interpreting sentences of different syntactic types. In addition to collecting outcome data, we will collect demographic data and indices of individual skills and knowledge, including executive function, working memory capacity, English vocabulary, and oral communication ability. We will apply mulitilevel modeling techniques [9, 69] to assess how individual reader characteristics and text characteristics interact to determine processing and comprehension outcomes. The results of the proposed experiments will have implications for psycholinguistic theories of syntactic processing in deaf and hearing bilinguals and will extend the investigation of individual differences in sentence processing among hearing native English speakers. The results of these experiments will inform the design of further experiments investigating sentence processing in deaf readers. The knowledge gained from these experiments will inform efforts to construct improved materials and methods for developing literacy skill in deaf readers. The findings may also have relevance for problems in hearing readers that relate to phonological processes.

 描述(由申请人提供)：在聋人群体中实现高水平的阅读熟练程度阻碍了我们在研究和实践方面的最大努力[1]。由于缺乏以聋人读者为重点的基础科学研究，这一领域的进展受到限制。特别是，我们对聋人读者对英语的句法加工几乎一无所知。这项研究的直接目标是揭示这一群体中有关在线处理和理解英语句子的基本事实。长期目标是利用这些知识设计更有效的材料和方法来提高识字能力。因此，这项拟议的研究进一步推进了NIH的使命，即寻求关于生命系统的性质和行为的基本知识，并应用这些知识来增强健康并减少疾病和残疾的负担。该项目的具体目标包括：(1)考察句法复杂性对聋人阅读加工时间和理解的影响；(2)考察个体差异如何调节句法复杂性对加工时间和理解的影响。该实验操作了英语句子的句法特征，并测量了这些操作对阅读过程中眼动模式的影响。对理解结果也进行了评估。我们将对比聋人读者、以英语为第二语言的中英双语读者和以英语为母语的读者的表现。主要的依赖指标将是注视时间和对理解问题的回答。这些数据将使我们能够确定聋人读者处理和解释不同句法类型的句子的难度有多大。除了收集结果数据外，我们还将收集人口统计数据和个人技能和知识的指数，包括执行功能、工作记忆容量、英语词汇和口语交流能力。我们将应用多层次建模技术[9，69]来评估个体读者特征和文本特征是如何相互作用来确定处理和理解结果的。本实验的结果将对聋人和听力双语者句法加工的心理语言学理论产生影响，并将进一步研究听力母语为英语的人在句子加工过程中的个体差异。这些实验的结果将为进一步研究聋人读者的句子加工的实验设计提供依据。从这些实验中获得的知识将有助于努力构建改进的材料和方法，以发展聋人读者的识字技能。这些发现也可能与与语音过程有关的听力阅读问题有关。