Increasing African American Organ Donation: Donor Registration & Family Consent

描述（由申请人提供）：理由：与白人相比，非洲裔美国人不太可能成为注册的器官捐献者。此外，尽管48个州已经通过了第一人称同意法，但医院仍然不愿意在未经注册捐赠者家属同意的情况下摘取器官。对非裔美国人的流行病学研究集中在捐献器官的意愿上。很少有研究已经做了积极的决策过程中成为一个注册的器官捐赠者。目的：该项目的目标是确定与成为注册器官捐献者和提供家庭通知相关的促进者。我们假设，积极的结果预期（身体，社会和自我评价）将与增加非洲裔美国人器官捐献者登记。我们还假设，增加自我效能感（PSE）将与增加家庭通知。设计和方法：本研究以社会认知理论为指导框架，进行一项涉及焦点小组的定性研究，然后通过大规模的定量电话调查进行验证。19岁及以上的非洲裔美国人，在过去3个月内在亚拉巴马机动车辆部做出器官捐赠决定的，将被分为选择成为注册器官捐赠者和拒绝捐赠者。分析的因变量将是1）成为注册器官捐赠者和2）家庭通知成为注册器官捐赠者的决定。重要性：这项研究将确定促使非裔美国人成为注册器官捐献者的关键因素以及家庭通知的决定因素。这些数据将为未来的干预措施提供信息，以增加非裔美国人的捐赠者登记，并制定确保家庭同意的机制，从而减少器官捐赠的差异，改善非裔美国人的健康结果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Rationale: Compared to Caucasians, African Americans are less likely to become registered organ donors. In addition, although first-person consent laws have been passed in 48 states, hospitals remain reluctant to harvest organs without the consent of the registered donor's family. Epidemiologic studies on African Americans have focused on the willingness to donate organs. Little research has been done on the positive decision-making process of becoming a registered organ donor. Objectives: The goal of this project is to identify facilitators associated with becoming a registered organ donor and providing familial notification. We hypothesize that positive outcome expectations (physical, social, and self-evaluative) will be associated with increased African American organ donor registration. We also hypothesize that increased perceived self-efficacy (PSE) will be associated with increased familial notification. Design and Methods: Using the Social Cognitive Theory as a guiding framework, a qualitative study involving focus groups will be performed and then validated by large-scale quantitative telephone surveys. African Americans, age 19 and older, who made a decision regarding organ donation at the Alabama Department of Motorized Vehicles within the past 3 months will be stratified into those who chose to become a registered organ donor and those who declined. The dependent variables for analysis will be 1) becoming a registered organ donor and 2) family notification of the decision to become a registered organ donor. Significance: The study will identify the key factors that drive African Americans to become registered organ donors and the determinants of familial notification. This data will inform future interventions to increase African American donor registration and develop mechanisms to ensure family consent, thereby reducing disparities in organ donation and improving the health outcomes of African Americans.