Increasing African American Organ Donation: Donor Registration & Family Consent

描述（由申请人提供）：理由：与白种人相比，非裔美国人成为注册器官捐赠者的可能性较小。此外，尽管48个州已经通过了第一人称同意法，但医院仍然不愿意在未经注册捐赠者家属同意的情况下摘取器官。对非裔美国人的流行病学研究集中在捐赠器官的意愿上。关于成为注册器官捐赠者的积极决策过程的研究很少。目的：这个项目的目标是确定与成为登记器官捐赠者和提供家庭通知相关的促进者。我们假设积极的结果预期（身体、社会和自我评价）将与非裔美国人器官捐献登记的增加有关。我们还假设增加的自我效能感（PSE）将与增加的家庭通知有关。设计与方法：以社会认知理论为指导框架，进行焦点小组的定性研究，然后通过大规模定量电话调查进行验证。在过去3个月内在阿拉巴马州机动车辆管理局做出器官捐赠决定的19岁以上非裔美国人将被分为选择成为登记器官捐赠者和拒绝成为登记器官捐赠者的两类。分析的因变量将是1)成为一个登记的器官捐献者和2)家庭通知决定成为一个登记的器官捐献者。意义：该研究将确定促使非裔美国人成为登记器官捐赠者的关键因素以及家庭通知的决定因素。这些数据将为未来的干预措施提供信息，以增加非裔美国人的捐赠者登记，并制定确保家属同意的机制，从而减少器官捐赠方面的差距，改善非裔美国人的健康状况。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Rationale: Compared to Caucasians, African Americans are less likely to become registered organ donors. In addition, although first-person consent laws have been passed in 48 states, hospitals remain reluctant to harvest organs without the consent of the registered donor's family. Epidemiologic studies on African Americans have focused on the willingness to donate organs. Little research has been done on the positive decision-making process of becoming a registered organ donor. Objectives: The goal of this project is to identify facilitators associated with becoming a registered organ donor and providing familial notification. We hypothesize that positive outcome expectations (physical, social, and self-evaluative) will be associated with increased African American organ donor registration. We also hypothesize that increased perceived self-efficacy (PSE) will be associated with increased familial notification. Design and Methods: Using the Social Cognitive Theory as a guiding framework, a qualitative study involving focus groups will be performed and then validated by large-scale quantitative telephone surveys. African Americans, age 19 and older, who made a decision regarding organ donation at the Alabama Department of Motorized Vehicles within the past 3 months will be stratified into those who chose to become a registered organ donor and those who declined. The dependent variables for analysis will be 1) becoming a registered organ donor and 2) family notification of the decision to become a registered organ donor. Significance: The study will identify the key factors that drive African Americans to become registered organ donors and the determinants of familial notification. This data will inform future interventions to increase African American donor registration and develop mechanisms to ensure family consent, thereby reducing disparities in organ donation and improving the health outcomes of African Americans.