Effects of Early Conductive Hearing Loss on Auditory Behavior and Information Pro

早期传导性听力损失对听觉行为和信息传递的影响

• 批准号: 8936328
• 负责人: Kelsey Anbuhl
• 金额: $ 2.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-01 至 2017-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8936328
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Acoustics; Adult; Affect; Animal Testing; Animals; Attenuated; Auditory; Auditory system; Behavior; Behavioral; Binaural; Birth; Cavia; Cell Nucleus; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Code; Collection; Conductive hearing loss; Control Animal; Cues; Development; Discrimination; Ear; Earplug; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Excision; Ferrets; Frequencies; Gerbils; Goals; Growth; Head; Health; Hearing; Hearing problem; Impairment; Inferior Colliculus; Language; Language Disorders; Life; Liquid substance; Location; Measures; Methods; Mission; Mus; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Neurons; Noise; Obstruction; Otitis Media; Performance; Peripheral; Research; Role; Sound Localization; Source; Space Perception; Speech; Stimulus; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Work; auditory pathway; base; behavioral response; binaural hearing; clinically relevant; design; ear infection; early experience; early onset; experience; external ear auricle; extracellular; hearing impairment; in vivo; information processing; insight; mature animal; middle ear; neural information processing; neurophysiology; prepulse inhibition; prevent; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory system; sound

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Chronic ear infections resulting in a conductive hearing loss (CHL) during development can produce long-term deficits in auditory functions, including those involved with binaural hearing. These include impairment in locating sounds in space, detecting sounds in noisy environments, as well as acquisition of speech and language- all tasks that require the proper integration of information from both ears. In particular, the cue to sound location, which include interaural time (ITD) and level (ILD) difference cues, rely heavily on the proper input of sound information from both ears. Since CHL can attenuate and delay incoming sounds, the cues to sound location can thus be effectively altered. The presence of a CHL during developmental sensitive periods early in life may result in the binaural auditory system adapting to altered binaural cues to location instead of the normal cues, thus providing a possible basis for the persistent spatial hearing problems observed clinically in children. The exact mechanism underlying these persistent effects, however, is not entirely known. Several animal studies have attempted to elucidate the central mechanisms in the developing auditory system, yet few have comprehensively examined the long-term behavioral consequences of early CHL, and none have fully examined its effects on neural information processing of cues to sound location. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to understand the effects of early CHL on (1) behavioral sound localization ability and (2) information processing by neurons sensitive to sound location. Towards these goals, the Specific Aims of the proposed research are to (1) assess behavioral sound localization ability in adult guinea pigs reared with a unilateral CHL and (2) to evaluate the information processing capabilities of neurons in the inferior colliculus (IC) in the same animals reared with a unilateral CHL. Experiments will integrate both behavior and in vivo electrophysiological techniques to jointly assess the effects of early CHL on the binaural auditory system. We hypothesize that early CHL will result in persistent sound localization deficits relative to normal control animals, as well as an impairment in neural information processing of the ILD cue to sound location. In general, we expect greater behavioral deficits to be associated with a reduction in ILD information processing, and that this may provide a possible basis for the persistent spatial hearing deficits observed in children who experienced chronic ear infections early in development. The proposed work is specifically designed to support the mission of NIDCD by advancing the basic understanding of the developing binaural auditory system with clinical relevance to childhood hearing disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：在开发过程中导致导电性听力损失（CHL）的慢性耳朵感染可以长期出现听觉功能，包括涉及双耳听力的功能。其中包括在空间中定位声音的障碍，在嘈杂的环境中检测声音，以及获取语音和语言 - 所有任务都需要从两只耳朵中正确整合信息。特别是，提示到声音位置，其中包括室内时间（ITD）和级别（ILD）差异提示，在很大程度上依赖于两只耳朵的声音信息的正确输入。由于CHL可以减弱并延迟传入的声音，因此可以有效地改变声音位置的提示。在发育敏感的时期，CHL在生命的早期就存在可能导致双耳听觉系统适应了变化的双耳线索，而不是正常提示，从而为儿童临床观察到持续的空间听力问题提供了可能的基础。然而，这些持续作用的基本机制并不完全清楚。几项动物研究试图阐明发展中听觉系统中的中心机制，但很少有全面研究早期CHL的长期行为后果，并且没有人能够完全研究其对线索对声音位置的神经信息处理的影响。因此，这项研究的主要目标是了解早期CHL对（1）行为声音定位能力以及（2）神经元对声音位置敏感的信息处理的影响。朝向这些目标，拟议的研究的具体目的是（1）评估用单侧CHL饲养的成年豚鼠和（2）评估在同一动物饲养的动物中饲养的神经元的信息处理能力的行为声音定位能力。实验将整合行为和体内电生理技术，以共同评估早期CHL对双耳听觉系统的影响。我们假设早期CHL将导致相对于正常对照动物的持续性声音定位缺陷以及损害 在ILD提示到声音位置的神经信息处理中。通常，我们期望更大的行为缺陷与ILD信息处理的减少有关，并且这可能为在发育早期经历了慢性耳朵感染的儿童中观察到的持续空间听力缺陷提供了可能的基础。拟议的工作是专门为支持NIDCD的使命而设计的，该工作通过与儿童听力障碍有关的临床相关性来促进对发展的双耳听觉系统的基本理解。