Identifying neural circuits that support effortful listening

识别支持努力倾听的神经回路

• 批准号: 10515870
• 负责人: Kelsey Anbuhl
• 金额: $ 13.23万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10515870
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adolescence; Adolescent; Animals; Anxiety; Area; Atrophic; Attention; Attenuated; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory Physiology; Auditory area; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Chalk; Chronic; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Communication; Comprehension; Custom; Data; Development; Discrimination; Earplug; Educational workshop; Electrodes; Environment; Excision; Exhibits; Fatigue; Foundations; Gerbils; Goals; Head; Human; Impairment; Implant; Individual; Infusion procedures; Intervention; Interview; Job Application; Learning; Measures; Mediating; Medicine; Mental Fatigue; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Minnesota; Modeling; Muscimol; Neurons; Neurosciences; New York; Occupations; Perception; Performance; Persons; Pharmacology; Phase; Physiological; Population; Psyche structure; Psychometrics; Publications; Pupil; Quality of life; Research; Resources; Rodent; Science; Sensory; Speech; Stimulus; Task Performances; Technical Expertise; Testing; Tracer; Training; Universities; Withdrawal; attenuation; awake; base; career; cingulate cortex; cognitive skill; college; design; designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs; experience; experimental study; hearing impairment; indexing; insight; neural circuit; neuromechanism; normal hearing; programs; recruit; relating to nervous system; remediation; response; social; sound; success; wireless

Project Summary/Abstract Candidate: My long-term career goal is to establish an independent research program focusing on the neural mechanisms of listening effort, and explore how adolescent hearing loss alters this mechanism. My previous training has provided me with a strong foundation in acoustics, auditory physiology, behavioral neuroscience, and hearing loss-induced deficits in sensory processing and perception. I propose to expand my skillset with additional training in cognitive mechanisms of auditory perception, awake-behaving recordings, pharmacological and chemogenetic attenuation of neural activity in awake-behaving animals, and pupillometric measures. During the K99 phase, I will continue working towards independence by developing the intellectual and technical skills needed for success. This includes attending workshops on putting together a successful job application and chalk talk, and learning effective strategies for the job interview and lab management. By the end of the R00 phase, I will have a strong publication record and the preliminary data needed for a successful R01 application. Environment: The K99 phase of the award will take place in the Center for Neural Science at New York University (NYU), an excellent environment for the proposed training. My primary mentor, Dr. Dan Sanes, has 30+ years of experience in developmental auditory neuroscience. He will provide his expertise and mentorship in all areas of my training, including auditory sensory processing, hearing loss-induced sensory and cognitive deficits, and awake-behaving methods. Additional mentoring will be provided by Dr. Matthew McGinley (Baylor College of Medicine), an expert on attentional auditory mechanisms and rodent pupillometry, and Dr. Matthew Winn (University of Minnesota), an expert on listening effort and hearing loss. Research: Listening to speech requires intact sensory and cognitive processing. For those with hearing loss, additional mental effort is often required, resulting in cognitive fatigue that can have long-term negative implications for quality of life. However, the neural mechanisms underlying effortful listening, and how hearing loss alters this mechanism, is uncertain. This proposal will identify a cortical network that is engaged during an effort-based auditory task, and use perturbations of neural activity to determine whether candidate regions are required for task performance during difficult listening conditions (K99). Next, I will use wireless neural recordings in sensory and non-sensory cortical areas, along with pupillometry approaches, to explore how adolescent hearing loss disrupts this cortical mechanism (R00).

项目总结/摘要 应聘者：我的长期职业目标是建立一个独立的研究项目， 听力努力的机制，并探讨青少年听力损失如何改变这一机制。我以前的 培训为我提供了声学，听觉生理学，行为神经科学， 以及听力损失引起的感觉处理和感知缺陷。我打算扩展我的技能， 在听觉感知、清醒行为记录、药理学 和清醒行为动物的神经活动的化学发生衰减，以及瞳孔测量。期间 在K99阶段，我将继续通过发展智力和技术技能来实现独立 需要成功。这包括参加关于如何成功申请工作的研讨会， 粉笔谈话，并学习有效的策略，为工作面试和实验室管理。在R 00结束时 阶段，我将有一个强大的出版记录和成功的R 01应用所需的初步数据。 环境：K99阶段的奖项将在纽约的神经科学中心举行 大学（纽约大学），一个极好的环境，为拟议的培训。我的主要导师丹·萨尼斯博士 30多年的发展听觉神经科学经验。他将提供他的专业知识和指导 在我的训练的所有领域，包括听觉感官处理，听力损失引起的感官和认知 缺陷和清醒行为的方法。Matthew McGinley博士（贝勒大学）将提供额外的指导 医学院），注意力听觉机制和啮齿动物瞳孔测量专家，以及马修博士 Winn（明尼苏达大学），听力和听力损失专家。 研究：听演讲需要完整的感觉和认知处理。对于听力损失的人， 通常需要额外的精神努力，导致认知疲劳，可能产生长期的负面影响。 对生活质量的影响。然而，努力倾听背后的神经机制，以及听力如何 损失改变了这种机制，是不确定的。这项提议将确定一个皮质网络，在一个过程中， 基于努力的听觉任务，并使用神经活动的扰动来确定候选区域是否 在困难的听力条件下（K99）的任务性能所需的。接下来，我将使用无线神经记录 在感觉和非感觉皮层区，沿着瞳孔测量法，探讨青少年如何 听力损失破坏了这种皮层机制（R 00）。