Quantitative approaches to reveal the homeostatic control mechanisms of stress re

揭示应激反应稳态控制机制的定量方法

• 批准号: 8918355
• 负责人: David Pincus
• 金额: $ 48.75万
• 依托单位: WHITEHEAD INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL RES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-19 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8918355
• 关键词: Address; Binding; Biochemical; Biochemistry; Biological Assay; Cells; Cellular Stress; Chaperone Protein Interaction; Collection; Complex; DNA Damage; DNA Sequence Alteration; Defect; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Dissociation; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Ensure; Environment; Equilibrium; Eukaryota; Failure; Feedback; Gene Targeting; Genetic; Goals; Health; Heat-Shock Response; Homeostasis; Human; In Vitro; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Libraries; Malignant - descriptor; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Mission; Modeling; Modification; Molecular Chaperones; Molecular Profiling; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Osmolar Concentration; Outcome; Oxidative Stress; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phosphorylation; Phosphorylation Site; Property; Protein Binding; Proteins; Public Health; Regulation; Reporter; Research; Role; Saccharomycetales; Stress; System; Systems Biology; Temperature; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; biological adaptation to stress; fitness; in vivo; insight; mathematical model; meetings; neglect; pathogen; protein folding; research study; response; transcription factor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Faced with myriad external insults, like temperature changes and osmolarity imbalances, cells must adjust their biochemical activities to meet ever-shifting demands. To counteract environmental challenges, or stresses, cells have evolved a collection of stress response pathways that work as corrective feedback loops to restore homeostasis when the cell is thrown out of equilibrium. Stress responses are ancient and the core pathways are conserved in all eukaryotes. Defects in these pathways - failures to restore homeostasis - can have deleterious effects, as in disease states like diabetes. Moreover, pathogens and cancers can selectively modulate and exploit stress response pathways to harness their cytoprotective functions. While decades of genetics, biochemistry and expression profiling have identified the pathways, worked out the basic activation mechanisms and revealed the target genes our current understanding of stress response pathways lacks both depth and breadth. It lacks depth in that we do not know the mechanisms that control the pathways in real-time to ensure sufficient activation upon stress and efficient deactivation once homeostasis is restored. Our understanding lacks breadth in that the pathways have generally been studied independently, neglecting potential interconnections. A quantitative and mechanistic understanding of how these pathways are regulated to restore homeostasis and knowledge of how the different stress responses operate as an interconnected network are prerequisites to effectively modulating these pathways for therapeutic purposes. In this context, I propose three specific aims to increase the depth of our understanding of the quantitative regulatory mechanisms that control stress response pathways and the breadth of our understanding of the interconnections between these responses. In the first two aims I will focus on the heat shock response, the elemental and and prototypical stress response, to reveal how phosphorylation and chaperone protein binding dynamics quantitatively regulate the activity of the transcription factor, Hsf1. In the third aim, I will focus on the interconnections between stres response pathways by building a panel of stress reporter strains that will allow simultaneous measurement of all stress responses following any genetic or environmental perturbation. The proposed research is significant because it will provide depth and breadth to our understanding of stress responses. Such understanding is a prerequisite to effectively harnessing these vital pathways for therapeutic benefit. Finally, I expect that the mechanistic systems biology approach described here will serve as a model for the quantitative investigation of pathways and networks in increasingly complex systems.

描述（由申请人提供）：面对无数的外部伤害，如温度变化和渗透压不平衡，细胞必须调整其生化活性，以满足不断变化的需求。为了应对环境挑战或压力，细胞已经进化出一系列压力反应途径，这些途径作为纠正反馈回路，在细胞失去平衡时恢复体内平衡。应激反应是古老的，核心途径在所有真核生物中是保守的。这些通路的缺陷--无法恢复体内平衡--会产生有害影响，如糖尿病等疾病。此外，病原体和癌症可以选择性地调节和利用应激反应途径来利用它们的细胞保护功能。虽然几十年的遗传学，生物化学和表达谱已经确定了途径，制定了基本的激活机制，并揭示了靶基因，但我们目前对应激反应途径的理解缺乏深度和广度。它缺乏深度，因为我们不知道实时控制通路的机制，以确保在压力下充分激活，并在恢复稳态后有效失活。我们的理解缺乏广度，因为这些途径通常是独立研究的，忽略了潜在的相互联系。对这些途径如何被调节以恢复稳态的定量和机制性理解以及对不同的应激反应如何作为互连网络操作的知识是有效地调节这些途径以用于治疗目的的先决条件。在这种情况下，我提出了三个具体的目标，以增加我们的理解，控制压力反应途径的定量调控机制的深度和我们的理解这些反应之间的相互联系的广度。在前两个目标，我将集中在热休克反应，元素和原型应激反应，揭示磷酸化和伴侣蛋白结合动力学定量调节转录因子，Hsf 1的活性。在第三个目标中，我将通过构建一组压力报告菌株来关注压力反应途径之间的相互联系，这些压力报告菌株将允许在任何遗传或环境扰动之后同时测量所有压力反应。这项研究意义重大，因为它将为我们理解压力反应提供深度和广度。这种理解是有效利用这些重要途径获得治疗益处的先决条件。最后，我希望这里描述的机制系统生物学方法将作为一个模型，在日益复杂的系统中的途径和网络的定量研究。