A Sparse-readout Quantitative PET scanner for breast cancer therapy optimization

本研究的目的是开发一种定量分子乳腺成像PET（QMBI-PET） 扫描仪，以改善乳腺癌治疗与个体患者相匹配的方式 通过在诊断之间的机会窗口期间提供治疗效果的评价， 和手术切除。美国超过25万患有侵袭性疾病的女性开始接受治疗 乳腺癌的发病率。2016年，约有40，000人死于乳腺癌。 不幸的是，尽管靶向治疗取得了成功， 表达靶点并接受这些治疗的人仍然接近50%， 表型这些药物可能非常昂贵，并带有毒副作用。目前有68个 FDA批准的乳腺癌药物，是所有癌症中最多的。 PET有望改善治疗选择，从而使患者最终免于 无效的药物，并指导他们更快地有效的方案，从而改善患者的 结果，并通过更有效的治疗选择过程降低成本。然而，所有 到目前为止，使用PET评估治疗反应的研究仅限于定量 临床全身PET扫描仪的准确性 一种紧凑、低成本、高分辨率和定量准确的PET成像扫描仪将 帮助医生为乳腺癌患者选择有效的治疗方法。早期 评估治疗的有效性将有助于治疗医生个性化患者的 治疗：在新辅助治疗环境中或在诊断和治疗之间的机会窗口中 手术后，将拍摄基线（治疗前）PET图像，然后，在短期治疗方案后， 靶向治疗后，第二次PET扫描将用于评估对治疗的反应。这将 用于指导术后治疗的选择和积极性。 为了使这种治疗模式得到广泛接受和广泛使用， 商业扫描仪需要更高的分辨率，更紧凑，更便宜， 标准全身PET扫描仪此外，还需要高水平的定量准确性。 我们提出了一种高分辨率定量分子乳腺成像PET（QMBI-PET）扫描仪， 它使用先进的探测器架构和基于解剖学的3D成像来获取 高灵敏度高分辨率的图像第一阶段申请的结果将是 功能实验室测试的单环原型扫描仪，临床可行性的初步数据， 为该开发的下一阶段的商业化提供证据。

The goal of this project is to develop a quantitative molecular breast imaging PET (QMBI-PET) scanner to improve the way in which breast cancer therapies are matched to individual patients by providing evaluation of therapy efficacy during the window of opportunity between diagnosis and surgical resection. More than 250,000 women in the US with invasive disease start therapy for breast cancer each year. In 2016 approximately 40,000 deaths will result from breast cancer. Unfortunately, despite the successes of targeted therapies, the relapse rate in patients expressing the targets and receiving these therapies still approaches 50% for certain phenotypes. The drugs can be very costly, and carry toxic side effects. There are currently 68 FDA approved breast cancer drugs, the most of any cancer. PET holds great promise to improve therapy selection, thereby sparing patients from ultimately ineffective drugs and directing them more quickly to effective regimens, thus improving patient outcomes, and reducing costs via a more efficient therapy selection process. However, all of the studies thus far using PET to assess therapy response have been limited to the quantitative accuracy of clinical whole-body PET scanners A compact, lower-cost, high resolution, and quantitatively accurate PET imaging scanner will help inform the physician's choices of effective therapies for breast cancer patients. Early evaluation of a therapy's effectiveness will help the treating physician individualize a patient's treatment: In the neo-adjuvant setting or the window of opportunity between diagnosis and surgery, a baseline (pre-treatment) PET image will be taken, then, after a short regimen of a targeted therapy, a second PET scan will be used to evaluate response to treatment. This will be used to guide selection and aggressiveness of post-surgery therapy. For this treatment paradigm to become broadly accepted and widely used, the minimum viable commercial scanner needs to be higher resolution, more compact, and less expensive than standard whole-body PET scanners. In addition a high level of quantitative accuracy is needed. We propose a high-resolution quantitative molecular breast imaging PET (QMBI-PET) scanner, which uses a an advanced detector architecture and statistical-based 3D imaging to acquire high-sensitivity, high-resolution images. The outcome of this Phase-I application will be a functional laboratory tested single-ring prototype scanner, with initial data on clinical feasibility to provide evidence for commercialization in the following phase of this development.