The representative microbiome: social determinants and tools for population research

代表性微生物组：社会决定因素和人口研究工具

• 批准号: 9016644
• 负责人: Jennifer Beam Dowd
• 金额: $ 2.1万
• 依托单位: GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTH POLICY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-02-18 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9016644
• 关键词: Accounting; Age; Alcohol consumption; Area; Behavioral; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biological Markers; Blood Glucose; C-reactive protein; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cells; Cellular Structures; Characteristics; Chronic Disease; Clinical Research; Complement; Computer software; Data; Data Set; Demographic Factors; Dental Hygiene; Diabetes Mellitus; Ecology; Education; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Fasting; Future; Health; Health Status; Herpesviridae; Household; Human; Human Microbiome; Human body; Immune response; Income; Infection; Inflammation; Internet; Intervention; Lead; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Massive Parallel Sequencing; Measurement; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Metagenomics; Modification; Mouth Diseases; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Nutritional; Obesity; Occupations; Online Systems; Oral; Oral cavity; Outcome; Pattern; Phenotype; Population; Population Research; Prediabetes syndrome; Premature Birth; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Race; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Social Characteristics; Social Sciences; Socioeconomic Factors; Specialist; Structure; Subgroup; Surveys; Systemic disease; Testing; Time; Tobacco use; Training; Variant; base; cost; health disparity; healthy volunteer; inflammatory marker; insight; inter-individual variation; microbial; microbial community; microbiome; novel; oral HPV; oral microbiome; population based; population health; racial and ethnic; social; socioeconomics; theories; tool; web based interface

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The structure and function of the vast array of microbial communities hosted by the human body ("microbiome") is emerging as a novel contributor to variation in health outcomes. As links between the human microbiome and health emerge, population health approaches to understanding the social and environmental determinants of microbiome variation will be an important complement to microbiological and clinical research. Advances in massively parallel sequencing and computing now enable relatively low-cost characterization of the human microbiome in population-based studies. The Human Microbiome Project and MetaHIT project characterized the human microbiome among small groups of healthy volunteers, but neither of these projects used a representative population-based sample with a wide range of phenotypic variation, and the association of socioeconomic and demographic factors with microbiome composition is largely unknown. The human mouth harbors one of the most diverse microbial communities in the human body, which has been linked with both oral and systemic disease including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and pre-term birth. This study will establish the prevalence of oral microbiome characteristics and the associations of these characteristics with sociodemographic factors in a large, nationally representative sample from the 2009-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We will further examine the association of the oral microbiome with biomarkers of health risk that vary by SES and race/ethnicity including inflammation (C-reactive protein) and diabetes and pre-diabetes (fasting blood glucose and HbA1C%). Finally, the project will also build infrastructure for inter-disciplinary research in this emerging area by developing a publicly available, web- based interface and toolkit for population health researchers to easily incorporate microbiome data into their analysis. Understanding the social and life course determinants of the oral microbiome has the potential to lead to novel prevention strategies based upon environmental modification and manipulation of microbial ecology to reduce health disparities.

描述（通过应用程序提供）：人体托管的众多微生物群落的结构和功能（“微生物组”）正在成为健康结果差异的新贡献者。随着人类微生物组与健康出现之间的联系，人口健康的方法来理解微生物组变异的社会和环境决定者将是微生物学和临床研究的重要补充。现在，大规模平行测序和计算的进步现在可以在基于人群的研究中对人类微生物组的相对低成本表征。人类的微生物组项目和元数据项目在一小部分健康志愿者中表征了人类微生物组，但是这些项目都没有使用具有广泛表型变化的代表性基于人群的样本，而社会经济和人口统计学因素与微生物组组成的关联尚不清楚。人类口腔拥有人体中最多样化的微生物群落之一，与口腔和全身性疾病有关，包括糖尿病，心血管疾病和预交前出生。这项研究将确定口服微生物组特征的普遍性以及这些特征与2009 - 2012年全国性代表性样本（NHANES）的大型全国代表性样本中的社会人口统计学因素的关联。我们将进一步研究口腔微生物组与健康风险的生物标志物的关联，这种风险因SES和种族/种族而异，包括注射（C反应蛋白），糖尿病和糖尿病前（空腹血糖和HBA1C％）。最后，该项目还将通过公开开发这个新兴地区的跨学科研究建立基础设施 可用的，基于Web的界面和工具包，用于人群健康研究人员，可以轻松地将微生物组数据纳入他们的分析中。了解口腔微生物组的社会和生命课程可以根据环境修饰和对微生物生态的操纵以减少健康分布的方式来制定新的预防策略。