Simulation to address gender-based differences in leadership, teamwork, and safety

描述(由申请人提供)：领导力和临床决策技能在安全医学实践中至关重要，特别是对于那些秒可能意味着生死差别的领域的提供者来说。每个人所持有的文化规范、信念和假设都会影响领导绩效，也会影响团队成员对领导行为和行为的理解。目的：这笔赠款旨在：i)通过对急诊医学(EM)和妇产科(Ob/gyn)住院医师的全国性调查，描述住院医生对领导力的认知以及性别影响领导力和团队合作的临床情况和机制；ii)让全国领导者参与模拟、领导力、团队合作和医学培训，以开发基于模拟的专家模型领导力培训，利用优势并补偿男性和女性领导者面临的挑战，以提高有效领导力和促进患者安全；以及iii)进行大型多中心随机对照(RCT)试验，以评估针对自我感知和客观领导力技能的定制领导力培训的有效性 团队表现。方法：我们建议在学术医学中心对所有EM和妇产科住院医生进行全国调查，以了解性别如何影响领导力和团队合作(AIM I)，在国家领导力、团队合作和临床专家的帮助下开发基于模拟的、对性别敏感的培训(AIM II)，并在全国选定的地点与EM和Ob/Gyn住院医生进行随机对照试验，通过模拟评估培训的效果(Aim III)。重要意义：领导力是有效团队合作的重要元素。在医院环境中，有效的领导和团队合作会带来更大的病人安全。使用模拟来创建量身定做的领导力培训，考虑到社会对性别和领导力的偏见，将培养出更好的领导者，并最终创造出更安全的患者医疗体验。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Leadership and clinical decision-making skills are critical in the practice of safe medicine, particularly for providers in fields where seconds can mean the difference between life and death. Cultural norms, beliefs and assumptions that each person holds can influence leadership performance as well as individual team members' interpretations of leaders' actions and behaviors in response to others. Aims: This grant aims to: I) Characterize residents' perceptions of leadership and the clinical situations and mechanisms by which gender affects leadership and teamwork through a national survey of Emergency Medicine (EM) and Obstetrics & Gynecology (Ob/Gyn) resident physicians; II) Engage national leaders in simulation, leadership, teamwork, and medical training to develop simulation-based expert model leadership training that leverages strengths and compensates for challenges faced by male and female leaders to improve effective leadership and promote patient safety; and III) Conduct a large multi-centered randomized controlled (RCT) trial to evaluate the effectiveness of tailored leadership training on self-perceived and objective leadership skills and team performance. Methods: We propose to conduct a national survey of all EM and Ob/Gyn residents at academic medical centers to understand how gender affects leadership and teamwork (Aim I), develop a simulation-based, gender-sensitive training with the help of national leadership, teamwork, and clinical experts (Aim II), and conduct a RCT of that training with EM and Ob/Gyn resident physicians at selected sites across the country, evaluating the effectiveness of the training through simulation (Aim III). Significance: Leadership is an important element of effective teamwork. In the hospital setting, effective leadership and teamwork leads to greater patient safety. Using simulation to create tailored leadership training that takes into account societal biases about gender and leadership will create better leaders and ultimately create a safer patient healthcare experience.