Evaluating corralling and the effect of dung beetles on transmission and control of cysticercosis

评估粪甲虫的围捕和对囊尾蚴病传播和控制的影响

• 批准号: 8948093
• 负责人: Seth E O'Neal
• 金额: $ 21.33万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8948093
• 关键词: Advisory Committees; Affect; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; Animals; Antibodies; Area; Asia; Autopsy; Behavior; Brain; Cestoda; Cestode Infections; Charge; Cluster randomized trial; Communities; Cyst; Cysticercosis; Deposition; Development; Disease; Economics; Effectiveness; Environment; Epidemiologic Studies; Epilepsy; Family; Family suidae; Feces; Food Safety; Genus Tenia; Goals; Hospitalization; Human; Infection; Ingestion; Insecta; International; Intestines; Knowledge; Larva; Latin America; Life; Longevity; Low Prevalence; Meat; Mechanics; Methods; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Neurologic; Order Coleoptera; Parasites; Pattern; Peru; Plants; Play; Production; Public Health; Risk; Role; Route; Seeds; Sentinel; Series; Serologic tests; Taenia Saginata; Taenia solium; United States; chemotherapy; cohort; design; disease transmission; disorder control; egg; health economics; mathematical model; prevent; programs; public health relevance; research study; transmission process; vector

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cysticercosis is an emerging public health and economic problem around the world, causing debilitating brain infection in humans, widespread compromises in food safety and important economic losses from contaminated meat. It is caused by the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, a zoonotic parasite that infects both humans and pigs. Infection of the human brain is responsible for 30% of epilepsy in Latin America, Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Although cysticercosis is one of only seven diseases considered to be potentially eradicable, significant gaps in our knowledge of how T. solium is transmitted between hosts threatens the effectiveness and sustainability of control and elimination programs. We will conduct a controlled cluster randomized trial in Peru to evaluate the role that dung beetles play in parasite transmission. We will introduce 3 distinct cohorts of sentinel seronegative piglets int an endemic community to evaluate differences in both cysticercosis seroincidence and infection. Each of the 3 cohorts will be exposed to distinct risk environments. Cohort one will raised in standard corrals (exposed to dung beetles but protected from direct access to human feces); cohort two will be raised in netted corrals (protected from dung beetles and direct access to human feces); cohort three will be allowed to roam free using the scavenging method of pig-production typical of the region (exposed to both dung beetles and direct access to human feces). Pigs will be followed for a period of 9 months during which serology will be monitored monthly for development of cysticercosis antibodies. Following the 9 month period, the cyst burden of each animal will be quantified through fine necropsy. We will also trap dung beetles monthly in all of the study environments, and will dissect the beetles to quantify the number of T. solium eggs carried within the intestinal tract. This study will determine the extent to which dung beetles are involved in the transmission of T. solium. If the results confirm that dung beetles play a significant role in parasite transmission, this will have profound implications on design and conduct of control and elimination strategies around the world.

 描述（由申请人提供）：囊虫病是一种新兴的公共卫生和经济问题，在世界各地，造成人类衰弱的大脑感染，食品安全的广泛危害和重要的经济损失，从污染的肉类。它是由猪绦虫引起的，猪带绦虫是一种人畜共患寄生虫，感染人类和猪。在拉丁美洲、亚洲和撒哈拉以南非洲，30%的癫痫是由大脑感染引起的。虽然囊虫病是仅有的七种被认为有可能根除的疾病之一，但我们对T。宿主之间的氦气传播威胁着控制和消除计划的有效性和可持续性。我们将在秘鲁进行一项随机对照试验，以评估蜣螂在寄生虫传播中的作用。我们将在一个流行性社区中引入3个不同的血清阴性哨兵仔猪队列，以评估囊虫病血清发病率和感染的差异。3个队列中的每个队列将暴露于不同的风险环境。第一组将在标准的畜舍中饲养（接触蜣螂，但不直接接触人类粪便）;第二组将在网状畜舍中饲养（不接触蜣螂，但直接接触人类粪便）;第三组将被允许使用该地区典型的养猪方法（接触蜣螂，但直接接触人类粪便）自由漫步。将对猪进行为期9个月的随访，在此期间每月监测血清学，以确定是否产生囊虫抗体。9个月后，通过精细尸检定量每只动物的囊肿负荷。我们也将在所有的研究环境中每月诱捕蜣螂，并将对蜣螂进行解剖以量化蜣螂的数量。 在肠道内携带的虫卵。这项研究将确定粪便在多大程度上 甲虫参与了T.索利亚如果研究结果证实了蜣螂在寄生虫传播中发挥着重要作用，这将对世界各地控制和消除策略的设计和实施产生深远的影响。