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Coding properties of Vibrissal-Responsive Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons

触须响应三叉神经节神经元的编码特性

基本信息

批准号：
9091661
负责人：
Mitra J Hartmann
金额：
$ 32.11万
依托单位：
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-07-01 至 2020-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9091661
关键词：
Afferent Neurons Animals Area Behavior Behavior Control Brain Cells Characteristics Code Coffee Complex Data Development Dimensions Disease Equation Exploratory Behavior Frequencies Gatekeeping Genetic Geometry Glare Goals Head Health Hearing Investigation Laboratories Learning Length Light Location Mechanics Mechanoreceptors Modeling Motion Movement Neocortex Neurons Neurosciences Pathway interactions Patients Pattern Phase Physics Physiological Positioning Attribute Problem Solving Process Property Rattus Reaction Research Retinal Ganglion Cells Rodent Role Rotation Sensory Signal Transduction Staging Stimulus Stroke Structure of trigeminal ganglion Study models Surface System Testing Thalamic structure Time Touch sensation Trigeminal System Vibrissae Work awake barrel cortex base design experience ganglion cell grasp kinematics loved ones optogenetics predicting response receptor relating to nervous system research study response somatosensory sound spiral ganglion vibration

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We see because retinal ganglion cells respond to light. We hear because spiral ganglion cells respond to sound. We feel because primary somatosensory neurons respond to "touch." But what is "touch?" Whereas light and sound can be characterized by physical parameters (amplitude, frequency, phase, and polarization), the mechanics of touch, and the manner in which primary sensory neurons encode the parameters of touch, are largely unquantified. This is a glaring gap within the entire field of somatosensation, and it occurs because mechanics are difficult to quantify. To close this gap we will use the rat vibrissal (whisker) system as a model to directly relate the responses of primary sensory neurons to the quantified mechanics of touch. Paralleling the increased use of rodents in genetic and optogenetic research, the rodent vibrissal array has become an increasingly important model for the study of touch and sensorimotor integration. In the past few years, our laboratory has made rapid progress in characterizing vibrissal mechanics, and we are now uniquely positioned to determine how 3D whisker deflections and vibrations are represented in the firing patterns of primary sensory neurons of the trigeminal ganglion (Vg) during natural whisking behavior. The central goal of our investigation is to predict the responses of Vg neurons during both contact and non-contact whisking by appropriately combining 3D dynamic and quasistatic models of mechanical signals. Our three aims move from the outside of the rat inwards, from whisker, to follicle, to Vg neurons. In Aim 1, we will develop models of mechanical coding by the whisker, quantifying the 3D mechanical signals at the vibrissal base during both contact and non-contact whisking. In Aim 2, these models will be used to predict responses of mechanoreceptors within the follicle and thus to identify classes of Vg neurons based on the mechanical transformation they perform. Finally, in Aim 3 we will quantify the responses of Vg neurons during natural whisking behavior in awake animals. Exploiting the cell classes identified in Aim 2, and consistent with the modeling of Aim1, we will test the hypothesis that Vg responses are more linearly correlated with mechanical signals during whisking than they are with the geometry and kinematics of whisking behavior. The proposed work will be the first to record from Vg neurons in awake behaving animals while fully characterizing the mechanical input during both contact and non-contact whisking. We aim to solve a large portion of the "coding problem" for the vibrissal-trigeminal system. Solving this problem will provide a better understanding of what a Vg spike "means" for more central stages of the trigeminal system, including sensory thalamus and barrel cortex.