Thermal and elemental analyzer for the pyrolysis and gasification of biomasses

用于生物质热解和气化的热元素分析仪

• 批准号: 359819-2008
• 负责人: Mahinpey, Nader
• 金额: $ 9.18万
• 依托单位: University of Regina
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments - Category 1 (<$150,000)
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=361496
• 关键词: Thermal; elemental; analyzer; pyrolysis; gasification

Biomass, as one of the largest sources of energy in the world, is third only to coal and oil. The advantage of being CO2-neutral makes biomass a dominant choice for the replacement of fossil fuels as the concern of global warming increases. Biomass can be converted to various forms of energy through thermochemical processes such as pyrolysis and gasification. Despite the importance of biomass as a source of energy, the field of biomass conversion is, effectively, in its scientific infancy.     We request two pieces of equipment: 1) an Organic Elemental Analyzer, and 2) a TGA/DSC Analyzer. The aim of the requested equipment is to support a comprehensive integrated research program in production of value-added products from biomass waste using thermochemical conversion methods, such as pyrolysis and gasification. We need the elemental analyzer for the determination of the carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen of feedstocks, intermediate materials, and also final products. Thermogravimetry (TGA) is a technique that measures the change in weight of a sample as it is heated, cooled, or held at a constant temperature. The attached DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimeter) to TGA, measures the heat capacities and phase transition of the materials.     Most of the greenhouse gas emissions causing climate change are associated with the burning of fossil fuels. Canada and many other countries have pledged to reduce greenhouse gas emissions but are having difficulty in meeting their commitments. The technology of the conversion of biomass to syngas and bio-oil via pyrolysis and gasification will be based on processes that are not only efficient and effective, but also economical and environmentally sustainable. It will fulfill our aim of developing a long-term greenhouse gas mitigation technology with specific focus on the energy sector. This will establish Canada as the pioneer country for reduction of CO2 emissions on a global scale. The results of this project will be of use to energy sectors as they continue to review possible technologies to utilize waste biomass while reducing CO2 emissions.

生物质作为世界上最大的能源之一，仅次于煤炭和石油。随着对全球变暖的关注增加，二氧化碳中性的优势使生物质成为替代化石燃料的主要选择。生物质可以通过热化学过程如热解和气化转化为各种形式的能量。尽管生物质作为能源的重要性，生物质转化领域实际上处于科学的婴儿期。 我们需要两台设备：1）有机元素分析仪，2）TGA/DSC分析仪。所要求的设备的目的是支持一个全面的综合研究方案，利用热解和气化等热化学转化方法从生物质废物中生产增值产品。我们需要元素分析仪来测定原料、中间材料和最终产品的碳、氢、氮、硫和氧。热重分析（TGA）是一种测量样品在加热、冷却或保持在恒定温度时重量变化的技术。附在TGA上的DSC（差示扫描量热仪）测量材料的热容和相变。 造成气候变化的大多数温室气体排放都与燃烧化石燃料有关。加拿大和许多其他国家承诺减少温室气体排放，但在履行承诺方面遇到困难。通过热解和气化将生物质转化为合成气和生物油的技术将基于不仅高效和有效，而且经济和环境可持续的工艺。它将实现我们开发长期温室气体减排技术的目标，特别关注能源部门。这将使加拿大成为全球范围内减少二氧化碳排放的先锋国家。这一项目的结果将对能源部门有用，因为它们将继续审查在减少二氧化碳排放量的同时利用废弃生物量的可能技术。