Correlated electron dynamics: from attoscience to nanophysics

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Dynamics in complex systems subjected to strong perturbations combines two of the most challenging problems of theoretical physics, which are few-/many-body physics and non-perturbative dynamics. To date, there exist little theoretical tools that can handle this problem. Over the past few years the group of Dr. Brabec has developed a novel approach called multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree-Fock (MCTDHF). MCTDHF is the first method that can calculate the dynamics of few-electron systems in the presence of strong perturbations, taking properly account of correlation. Therewith, it opens the opportunity to theoretically investigate a wide spectrum of correlated few electron phenomena that were not accessible so far.In this research proposal MCTDHF will be used to address the following three questions. (i) How does intense x-ray radiation interact with matter?High intensity x-ray sources promise ground breaking applications in a wide range of areas, including life sciences.Understanding of the above question presents a first step to answering the question whether targets can be measured before they are destroyed by intense x-ray radiation. (ii) How does the presence of a laser field enhance electron impact ionization? The interaction of intense laser pulses with matter creates a plasma. Prominent examples are laser micromachining and laser driven electron and x-ray sources. Understanding of laser assisted impact ionization is essential for a correct description of the above processes. (iii) How does correlated few electron dynamics in quantum dots take place? A better understanding of these processes will help to advance the fields of molecular-, nano-electronics, and quantum computation.The three topics tackled here fall in Canadian key research areas, such as photonics and nanophysics. The research utilizes a novel tool that will attract international attention. This will strengthen Canada's international standing in the above key areas, therewith fuelling technological development and economic growth.