Practical methods for maximizing information transmission in wireless sensor networks

在无线传感器网络中，许多分布式节点观察物理现象，并将其发现传达给某个中心站，称为数据汇。传感器网络是一个重要的新兴工程研究领域，在从安全到野外生命监测的各个领域都有着广泛的应用前景，无线传感器网络的通信是一个具有挑战性的问题。传感器节点本身具有严格的能量和计算约束。同时，无线通信环境受到许多失真源的影响，例如干扰或衰落，其中任何一个都可能导致信号丢失。众所周知，传感器网络中的节点可以通过协作来实现更高的信息速率，特别是通过充当彼此信号的中继。通过中继，每个节点可以访问从其自身到信宿的若干独立路径，并且随着每个附加中继，至少一条到信宿的路径将可用的概率增加。然而，这种解决方案对中继节点施加了负担，因为它们不能在帮助它们的邻居的同时发送它们自己的信息。 此外，它需要中继节点消耗其宝贵的能量和计算资源，拟议的工作将调查的方法，通过无线传感器网络的信息传输速率最大化，特别是解决中继所产生的负担，通过方法，如分布在尽可能大的一组节点，或使用简化的算法在每个节点本地。 重点是可行性，如果成功，拟议的工作将导致部署传感器网络硬件，利用无线通信技术中的先进概念。

In a wireless sensor network, many distributed nodes observe a physical phenomenon, and communicate their findings to some central station, known as the data sink. Sensor networks represent an important emerging field of engineering research, with numerous potential applications in diverse fields, from security to wildlifemonitoring.Wireless sensor networks present a challenging problem for communication. The sensor nodes themselves have stringent energy and computational constraints. Meanwhile, the wireless communication environment is affected by many sources of distortion, such as interference or fading, any of which could cause a loss of signal. It is known that the nodes in a sensor network can achieve higher information rates through co-operation, and especially through acting as relays for each others' signal. Through relaying, each node has access to several independent paths from itself to the sink, and with each additional relay, there is an increasing probability that at least one path to the sink will be usable. However, this solution imposes a burden on the relaying nodes, as they cannot send their own information while helping their neighbor.  Furthermore, it requires the relaying nodes to consume their precious energy and computational resources.The proposed work will investigate methods for maximizing the information transfer rate through a wireless sensor network, particularly addressing the burden incurred in relaying through methods such as distributing it over as large a set of nodes as possible, or using simplified algorithms locally at each node.  With a focus on feasibility, the proposed work will, if successful, lead to the deployment of sensor networking hardware which exploits advanced concepts in wireless communication technology.