The signalling pathways controlling oocyte meiotic resumption in mammals

在农业中，动物繁殖是所有动物生产的基础。动物繁殖在很大程度上依赖于卵母细胞及其质量，对盈利至关重要，特别是在养猪业。卵母细胞质量是在卵泡内发育过程中获得的。受阻于细胞周期的G2/M期，卵母细胞的减数分裂涉及一系列复杂的信号级联信号，其中既有激酶和磷酸酶，也有环化酶和磷酸二酯酶。根据我们之前的研究结果，有可能假设卵子质量是通过“自然”减数分裂恢复获得的，即在排卵前发生在卵泡中的减数分裂恢复。这些研究项目研究了磷酸二酯酶和一磷酸腺苷激酶的调节机制。为了能够对环境做出适当的反应，卵母细胞可能已经开发出一种有效的策略，将信号分子集中到质膜中的脂筏中。综上所述，除了提高对减数分裂恢复过程中信号传递的理解外，这项研究还将使优质卵子的发育能够产生健康、充分繁殖和能够繁殖的后代。

In agriculture, animal reproduction is at the basis of all animal productions. Mostly dependent on the oocyte and its quality, animal reproduction is crucial for profitability, especially in porcine production. The oocyte quality is acquired during intra-follicular development. Arrested in G2/M transition of the cell cycle, meiosis of the oocyte involves an intricate signalling cascade of kinases and phosphatases but also cyclases and phosphodiesterases. Based on our previous research results, it is possible to hypothesize that egg quality is obtain via a « natural » meiotic resumption, i.e. the one happening in the follicle before ovulation. These research program studies the regulatory mechanisms of both phosphodiesterase, and adenosine monophosphate kinase. To be able to appropriately respond to its environment, the oocyte has probably developed an efficient strategy to concentrate signalization molecules into lipid rafts found in plasma membrane. In summary, in addition to improving the understanding of signalization during meiotic resumption, this research will allow the development of better quality egg to produce a healthy progeny, fully productive and able to reproduce.