Impacts of climate change on the epidemiology of nematodes in arctic and subarctic ungulates

气候变化对北极和亚北极有蹄类动物线虫流行病学的影响

• 批准号: 312178-2007
• 负责人: Kutz, Susan
• 金额: $ 1.05万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=364044
• 关键词: Impacts; climate; change; epidemiology; nematodes

Rapid climate change, is radically, and probably irreversibly, altering arctic ecosystems. Infectious disease, parasitic disease in particular, together with climate warming, may be playing an important role in recent and widespread caribou population declines across the North American Arctic. Climate change could increase the impact of parasitic disease in arctic ungulates by: (1) changing the transmission patterns of the existing parasites; and (2) introduction of new parasite species to naïve populations.This research will investigate the response to climate change of an important abomasal (stomach) nematode, Ostertagia gruehneri, in caribou. This parasite can reduce body condition and pregnancy rates in reindeer and impact the population. We will examine the growth and development rates of O. gruehneri on the tundra and determine how changes in temperature and/or humidity may impact the parasite. Companion studies on captive reindeer will determine the fate of infective larvae when they are ingested by caribou (ie. Do they mature immediately or enter arrested development). These data will provide important information for understanding and modeling the transmission and impacts of O. gruehneri in caribou under different climate warming scenarios.This research will also identify the gastrointestinal nematodes that may be introduced to caribou populations through the northward expansion of deer and elk populations and will investigate the susceptibility of caribou to these parasites.Results will provide new information on the potential impacts of climate change on existing parasite communities in caribou and the risks associated with northern range expansion of new parasite species. This research will provide critical information for management and conservation of caribou in a rapidly changing climate. Principles will be relevant to all subspecies of Rangifer and to other host-parasite systems globally.

快速的气候变化正在从根本上，而且可能是不可逆转地改变北极的生态系统。传染病，特别是寄生虫病，加上气候变暖，可能在北美北极地区最近广泛的驯鹿数量下降中发挥了重要作用。气候变化可能通过以下方式增加北极有蹄类动物寄生虫病的影响：（1）改变现有寄生虫的传播模式;（2）向未感染的种群引入新的寄生虫物种。本研究将调查驯鹿中一种重要的皱胃（胃）线虫Ostertagia gruehneri对气候变化的反应。这种寄生虫会降低驯鹿的身体状况和怀孕率，影响驯鹿种群。我们将研究O. gruehneri在苔原和确定如何在温度和/或湿度的变化可能会影响寄生虫。对圈养驯鹿的同伴研究将确定感染性幼虫被驯鹿（即驯鹿）摄入后的命运。他们是立即成熟还是进入停滞发展）。这些数据将为理解和模拟O.本研究还将确定可能通过鹿和麋鹿种群向北扩张而引入驯鹿种群的胃肠道线虫，并将调查驯鹿对这些寄生虫的易感性。结果将提供气候变化对驯鹿现有寄生虫群落的潜在影响以及与北方范围扩张相关的风险的新信息新的寄生虫物种。这项研究将为在快速变化的气候中管理和保护驯鹿提供关键信息。这些原则将适用于所有驯鹿亚种和全球其他宿主-寄生虫系统。