Seismic behavior and retrofit masonary structures

地震事件中结构破坏造成的重大社会经济损失导致加拿大和世界其他地区最近采用了更严格的抗震设计要求，以减少这种破坏的可能性。在这方面，砖石结构（约占北美现有建筑存量的70%）被认为特别容易受到地震破坏。许多现有结构需要进行改造，以达到当前的安全水平，但这需要的改造方案不会产生严重的经济影响。此外，还需要开发新的施工技术，以提高新砌体建筑在地震荷载下的性能，降低施工成本，并最大限度地减少与地震事件相关的经济和社会损失。在本研究中，将实施多层次的实验和分析方案，以评估有效和具有成本效益的改造/修复技术，并制定相关的设计指南。在试验方案中，将对不同的砌体结构和体系在不同的荷载方案下进行模拟地震效应的试验。分析程序将侧重于开发能够模拟地震荷载下不同砌体结构的数值工具。提出的研究目标是：1)量化砌体结构的地震反应，并引入新的施工技术来改善新砌体结构的抗震性能；2)通过开发有效的约束和结构完整性加固，加强加拿大在现有结构地震恢复领域的专业知识，并通过5个学士学位的培训将知识转移给公众使用。， 4文学硕士。博士生1名，学习先进知识，参与地震工程应用研究。学生将获得实验室测试技术和高级数值模拟方面的专业知识，这在咨询和学术界都非常有价值。

The major socioeconomic damages resulting from structural failures during seismic events have led to recently adopting more stringent seismic design requirements in Canada and other parts of the world to reduce the probability of such damage. In this regards, masonry structures (which constitute approximately 70% of existing inventory of buildings in North-America) are considered as particularly vulnerable to seismic damage. Many of these existing structures will need to be retrofitted to match current safety levels but this requires retrofit options that do not have serious economic impact. In addition, there is a need to develop new construction techniques to improve the performance of new masonry construction under seismic loading, reduce construction cost, and minimize economical and social losses associated with seismic events. In this research, multi-level experimental and analytical programs will be implemented to evaluate efficient and cost-effective retrofit/rehabilitation techniques and to develop related design guidelines. In the experimental program, various masonry structures and systems will be tested under different loading schemes simulating earthquake effects. The analytical program will focus on developing numerical tools capable of modeling different masonry structures under seismic loading. The objectives of the proposed research are to: 1) quantify the seismic response of masonry structures and to introduce new construction techniques to improve the seismic behavior of new masonry structures; and 2) strengthen the Canadian expertise in the field of seismic rehabilitation of existing structures by developing efficient confinement and structural integrity reinforcement, and transfer the knowledge for public use through training of 5 B.A.Sc., 4 M.A.Sc., and 1 Ph.D. students to acquire advanced knowledge and to participate in application-based research in earthquake engineering. Students will gain expertise in laboratory testing techniques and advanced numerical modeling that is highly valuable in both consulting and academia.