Material systems for high power electrochemical energy storage

超级电容器是一种独特的电化学储能系统，适用于从脉冲通信到手持工具到电动和混合动力汽车的高功率应用。与传统电池或燃料电池相比，超级电容器具有更高的功率密度、更快的充放电速率和更长的循环寿命，而与传统催化电容器相比，超级电容器具有更高的能量密度，可以填补这两者之间的空白。超级电容器-电池（或燃料电池）混合系统在处理高功率和延长电池或燃料电池的寿命方面非常有效。因此，超级电容器已成为高功率电子和汽车，特别是电动汽车的关键使能技术。提出的发现基金的范围是探索高功率和高能超级电容器器件的新型材料系统。这些新材料系统将由化学修饰的新型电极材料组成，以增强能量存储能力，以及高性能和易于加工的聚合物电解质。该项目的成功将带来一个新的电化学存储设备平台，该平台性能优异，使用安全，外形灵活，不需要传统的“金属罐”包装。在此过程中，我们将了解材料之间相互作用的机制，以便我们可以设计和设计用于超级电容器应用和其他电化学储能系统的材料系统。

The ultracapacitor is a unique electrochemical energy storage system for high power applications from pulse communication to hand-held tools to electrical and hybrid vehicles. Possessing higher power density, a faster charge/discharge rate, and longer cycle life than conventional batteries or fuel cells, on one hand, and higher energy density than conventional catalytic capacitors on the other, ultracapacitors can fill the gap between these. Ultracapacitor-battery (or fuel cell) hybrid systems are very effective in handling high power and extending the life of batteries or fuel cells.  Thus, ultracapacitors have become a critical enabling technology for high power electronics and automotives, especially for electrical vehicles.The scope of the proposed Discovery Grant is to explore novel material systems for high power and high energy ultracapacitor devices. These new material systems will be comprised of novel electrode materials chemically modified for enhanced energy storage capacity, and polymer electrolytes for high performance and easy processing.  The success of the program will result a new platform of electrochemical storage devices that is high in performance, safe to use, with flexible form factors and free from traditional "metal can" packaging.  Along the way, we will develop an understanding of the mechanism of the interactions between the materials so that we can design and engineer the material system for ultracapacitor applications and other electrochemical energy storage systems.