Material systems for high power electrochemical energy storage

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The ultracapacitor is a unique electrochemical energy storage system for high power applications from pulse communication to hand-held tools to electrical and hybrid vehicles. Possessing higher power density, a faster charge/discharge rate, and longer cycle life than conventional batteries or fuel cells, on one hand, and higher energy density than conventional catalytic capacitors on the other, ultracapacitors can fill the gap between these. Ultracapacitor-battery (or fuel cell) hybrid systems are very effective in handling high power and extending the life of batteries or fuel cells. Thus, ultracapacitors have become a critical enabling technology for high power electronics and automotives, especially for electrical vehicles.