Molecular mechanisms governing the replication and transport of grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus

葡萄藤枯病（Grapevine Rupestris stem pitsing -associated virus, GRSPaV）是一种与葡萄重要的穗状木病复合体相关的病毒性病原体。GRSPaV在商品葡萄品种以及砧木和野生葡萄中普遍检测到。GRSPaV被归类为弹性病毒科中央窝病毒属的一员。GRSPaV具有5个开放阅读框的RNA基因组，编码复制酶多蛋白、三种通常称为三重基因块（TGB）蛋白的运动蛋白和衣壳蛋白。自1998年发现GRSPaV以来，对该病毒的遗传多样性和种群结构的研究取得了很大进展。基于血清学和核酸的方法也已被开发并成功用于快速可靠的GRSPaV检测。然而，控制病毒复制和运动的分子机制尚不清楚GRSPaV或其他中央窝病毒属的成员。在本提案中，我们将开展以下三个领域的研究：(A)研究复制酶复合体的组成、靶向和亚细胞位置；(B)研究GRSPaV编码的TGB运动蛋白的亚细胞定位和潜在的相互作用；(C)建立一个有效的实验宿主，以研究感染机制和发病机制。拟议的研究结果将产生关于GRSPaV、中央窝病毒属和弯曲病毒科的新信息。从长远来看，更好地了解这种病毒将有助于制定有效的战略来控制病毒及其引起的疾病。

Grapevine Rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV) is a viral pathogen associated with the important rugose wood disease complex of grapevines. GRSPaV has been commonly detected in commercial grape varieties as well in rootstocks and wild grapes. GRSPaV is classified as a member of the Foveavirus genus within the Flexiviridae family. GRSPaV has an RNA genome with five open reading frames that encode a replicase polyprotein, three movement proteins commonly known as Triple Gene Block (TGB) proteins, and the capsid protein. Since the identification of GRSPaV in 1998, much progress has been made concerning the genetic diversity and population structure of the virus. Serological and nucleic acid-based methods have also been developed and successfully used for the rapid and reliable detection of GRSPaV. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern viral replication and movement have not been understood for GRSPaV or for other members of the Foveavirus genus. In this proposal, we will conduct three areas of research as follows: (A) to investigate the composition, targeting and subcellular locale of the replicase complex; (B) to study the subcellular localization and potential interactions of the TGB movement proteins encoded by GRSPaV; and (C) to establish an effective experimental host with which the mechanisms of infection and pathogenesis can be studied. Outcomes of the proposed research will generate novel information on GRSPaV, the Foveavirus genus, and Flexiviridae family. In the long-run, a better understanding of the virus would lead to effective strategies for the control of viruses and diseases they cause.