Molecular mechanisms governing the replication and transport of grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus

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Grapevine Rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV) is a viral pathogen associated with the important rugose wood disease complex of grapevines. GRSPaV has been commonly detected in commercial grape varieties as well in rootstocks and wild grapes. GRSPaV is classified as a member of the Foveavirus genus within the Flexiviridae family. GRSPaV has an RNA genome with five open reading frames that encode a replicase polyprotein, three movement proteins commonly known as Triple Gene Block (TGB) proteins, and the capsid protein. Since the identification of GRSPaV in 1998, much progress has been made concerning the genetic diversity and population structure of the virus. Serological and nucleic acid-based methods have also been developed and successfully used for the rapid and reliable detection of GRSPaV. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern viral replication and movement have not been understood for GRSPaV or for other members of the Foveavirus genus. In this proposal, we will conduct three areas of research as follows: (A) to investigate the composition, targeting and subcellular locale of the replicase complex; (B) to study the subcellular localization and potential interactions of the TGB movement proteins encoded by GRSPaV; and (C) to establish an effective experimental host with which the mechanisms of infection and pathogenesis can be studied. Outcomes of the proposed research will generate novel information on GRSPaV, the Foveavirus genus, and Flexiviridae family. In the long-run, a better understanding of the virus would lead to effective strategies for the control of viruses and diseases they cause.