The role of introduced species and environmental change in the spread and impacts of an emerging global amphibian pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

新出现的传染病对生物多样性和人类健康构成严重威胁。了解疾病出现的原因，确定传播媒介，评估控制传播和致病性的因素，现在已成为紧迫的研究重点。1998年首次被发现，树状巴氏杆菌引起的合孢子菌病是一种新出现的疾病，在欧洲、北美、中美洲和南美洲以及澳大利亚，两栖动物的灾难性减少都与此有关。我们的试点项目于2005年在温哥华岛上发现了这种疾病。此外，美国牛蛙(Rana Catesbeiana)被认为是传播树枝杆菌的重要媒介，已在该省广泛引进，并正在扩大其范围。在加拿大西部，这对濒临灭绝和受到威胁的两栖动物，如北豹蛙、俄勒冈斑蛙和西部蟾蜍有潜在的影响。人们对此知之甚少

Emerging infectious diseases pose a serious threat to both biodiversity and human health. Understanding the reasons for disease emergence, identifying the vectors of spread and assessing factors that govern transmission and pathogenicity have now become urgent research priorities. First recognized in 1998, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis caused chytridiomycosis is an emerging disease that has been implicated in catastrophic declines of amphibians in Europe, North America, Central and South America, and Australia. Our pilot project in 2005 detected this disease on Vancouver Island. In addition, the American bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana), which is believed to be an important vector of B. dendrobatidis dispersal, has been widely introduced in the province and is expanding its range. In western Canada there is potential impact on endangered and threatened amphibians such as the Northern Leopard Frog, Oregon Spotted Frog, and Western Toad. Little is known about