Enzymatic conversion of hemi/cellulosic residues using novel thermostable enzymes from hyperthermophiles

地球上的主要生物质包括树木和农作物。农业残留物是收获农作物后剩余的主要类型的生物质材料，并且可用于生产可再生能源，例如乙醇。生物转化的主要障碍是难以利用其几乎不溶的组分纤维素和半纤维素，以及难以通过微生物高效生产乙醇。非常希望使用最少的原材料预处理并实现最大的生物转化为可再生能源。超嗜热菌是一组可以在高达121 °C的温度下生长的微生物，它们拥有高度热稳定的酶，如纤维素酶和木聚糖酶，以及其他催化进一步代谢过程以产生乙醇的酶，这些酶在农业和树木残留物的生物转化应用中具有巨大的潜力。还预期

Major biomass on earth comprises trees and crops. Agricultural residues are a major type of biomass material remaining after harvesting agricultural crops and can be used for producing renewable energy sources such as ethanol. The main obstacle for bioconversion of the residues is difficulty in utilization of their virtually insoluble components, cellulose and hemicellulose, and in high efficient production of ethanol by microorganisms. It is highly desirable to use minimal pretreatment of the raw materials and achieve maximal bioconversion to renewable energy sources. Hyperthermophiles are a group of microorganisms that can grow at temperatures up to 121°C, and they possess highly thermostable enzymes, such as cellulase and xylanase, and other enzymes catalyzing further metabolic processes towards the production of ethanol, which have great potential in the application of bioconversion of agricultural as well as tree residues. It is also expected that