Real-time hybrid psedodynamic testing system

实验测试对于了解极端荷载条件下结构的行为至关重要，这将导致更安全的结构设计和施工。例如，通过引入适当设计的补充阻尼装置（例如，弹性体和磁流变阻尼器），可以减轻地震事件期间对结构和非结构元件的损坏。为了使这些负载率依赖设备的广泛使用，有必要开发基于性能的设计规范，这需要从配备这些设备的结构的实时测试的结构性能的知识。实时PSD和混合PSD测试方法可用于此目的，其中在后一种方法中，仅对关键部件进行物理测试，并在计算机中对结构的其余部分进行建模。在实时测试中，需要以快的速率操作液压致动器不可避免地带来沿着的控制问题;并且除非时间延迟（由于致动器响应时间、通信、计算时间等），如果被精确地补偿，则可能发生精度和稳定性问题。挑战包括引入可变时间延迟的多个致动器的精确控制，分析子结构的代表性建模及其实时执行，以及缺乏标准化工具来建立实时测试结果的质量。这些挑战需要大量的专门研究计划和一套适当的设备。申请人具有在该领域进行进一步调查所需的背景和经验，并且所要求的混合PSD实时测试系统设备灵活且具有成本效益。通过使申请者的小组能够进行协调的分析和实验研究，其中一个小组的观察和结果将立即用于修改（如有必要）另一个小组的重点，所要求的设备将加快改进实时测试方法的进展。通过向结构工程师提供经过实验验证的增强型测试方法，该计划旨在为下一代结构的设计和理解做出贡献。

Experimental testing is essential for understanding the behavior of structures under extreme loading conditions which leads to the design and construction of safer structures. For example, by introducing properly designed supplemental damping devices (e.g., elastomeric and magnetorheological dampers), it is possible to mitigate the damage to the structural and nonstructural elements during a seismic event. To enable widespread use of these load-rate dependent devices, it is necessary to develop performance-based design codes, which require knowledge of structural performance from real-time tests of structures equipped with these devices. Real-time PSD and hybrid PSD testing methods can be employed for this purpose, where in the latter method only the critical components are physically tested and the remaining part of the structure is modeled in a computer. In real-time testing, the need to operate hydraulic actuators at fast rates inevitably brings along control issues; and unless the time delays (due to actuator response time, communication, computing time, etc.) are accurately compensated, accuracy and stability problems are likely to occur. The challenges include accurate control of multiple actuators that introduce variable time delay, representative modeling of the analytical substructure and its execution in real-time, and the lack of a standardized tool to establish the quality of real-time test results. These challenges require a substantial program of dedicated research with an appropriate set of equipments. The applicant has the necessary background and experience to conduct further investigations in this area, and the requested equipment for real-time hybrid PSD testing system is flexible and cost-effective. By enabling the applicant's group to conduct coordinated analytical and experimental research, where the observations and results from one will be immediately used to modify (if necessary) the focus of the other, the requested equipment will expedite the progress on the way to enhance the real-time testing methods. By presenting the structural engineers with experimentally validated, enhanced testing methodologies, the proposed program aims to contribute to the design and understanding of next generation structures.