Purchase of X-ray powder diffractometer

购买X射线粉末衍射仪

• 批准号: 375301-2009
• 负责人: Raudsepp, Mati
• 金额: $ 5.79万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments - Category 1 (<$150,000)
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=412129
• 关键词: Purchase; ray; powder; diffractometer

We are requesting funds to purchase another X-ray powder diffractometer. In the short term, our capability to acquire data will significantly increase with two instruments, and in the long term, we will have the security of a backup instrument as the old one becomes increasingly unreliable. The principles of a powder diffraction are as follows. The relationship between X-ray wavelength, diffraction angle, and the spacing of planes of atoms in crystals is simple. Using a diffractometer, knowledge of the first two allows measurement of the latter. Two basic types of information can be obtained from the peaks in a powder diffraction pattern: (i) the peak positions are a function of the size and symmetry of the unit cell, and (ii) the peak intensities are a function of the types and arrangement of atoms in the unit cell. From these data we can identify the crystalline phases present in a powder, calculate the dimensions of the unit cells, assess the degree of strain in the structure, and determine the average crystallite size of all the phases contributing to the diffraction pattern. In addition, using the Rietveld method, we can accurately and precisely measure the relative abundances of all the phases present, including amorphous material. Such measurements are of crucial importance to mineralogy, petrology and the materials sciences in general. X-ray powder diffraction is an essential tool for the following projects: application of the Rietveld method to identify and measure the abundance of minerals in diverse geological, industrial and environmentally unfriendly materials, prediction of environmental impacts of mining activities such as acid-rock drainage, sequestration of anthropogenic CO2 in mine tailings, determining the structures of minerals that are presently unknown, the structural characterization of novel nanomaterials, alloys and ceramics, and to identify and characterize new catalysts relevant to Canada's natural gas and heavy oil processing industries. This instrument will allow the Electron-Microbeam/X-Ray Diffraction Facility at UBC to significantly improve the quantity, quality and stability of our services to researchers, and to the minerals and materials industry in Canada.

我们要求资金购买另一个X射线粉末衍射仪。在短期内，我们获取数据的能力将随着两种工具而大大增加，从长远来看，随着旧工具的安全性，随着旧工具的安全性越来越不可靠。粉末衍射的原理如下。 X射线波长，衍射角和原子平面在晶体中的关系很简单。使用衍射仪，对前两个的知识可以测量后者。可以从粉末衍射模式的峰中获得两种基本的信息：（i）峰位置是单位单元格大小和对称性的函数，并且（ii）峰强度是原子池中原子类型和排列的函数。从这些数据中，我们可以确定粉末中存在的晶相，计算单位细胞的尺寸，评估结构的应变程度，并确定所有有助于衍射模式的所有相的平均晶体大小。另外，使用Rietveld方法，我们可以准确，精确地测量存在所有相的相对丰度，包括无定形材料。这种测量对于矿物学，岩石学和材料科学至关重要。 X射线粉末衍射是以下项目的重要工具：应用Rietveld方法在不同的地质，工业和环境不友好的材料中识别和测量矿物质的丰富性，预测采矿活动的环境影响，例如酸性排水，诸如隔离的人类蛋白质的隔离性co2的序列化，确定型号的结构，这些结构是矿物质的，这些结构是不知道的，这些结构是不知道的，这些结构是不知情的，这些矿物质是不知所措的，这些矿物质是不合适的，这些矿物质是不合适的，确定了这些矿物质的序列，确定了这些矿物质的特征。合金和陶瓷，并确定和特征与加拿大天然气和重油加工行业相关的新催化剂。该工具将允许UBC的电子微孔/X射线衍射设施显着提高我们服务对研究人员的数量，质量和稳定性，以及加拿大加拿大的矿物质和材料行业。