Whole-cell gene and protein expression profilings of saccharomyces cerevisiae grown under different gravity environments

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Imbalance of carbon dioxide (CO2) has been considered as the major cause of global warming. Many approaches to reducing CO2 emission have been proposed. Using ethanol to replace a portion of gasoline is one of the promising approaches. With a slight modification of the existing ethanol production process, using a high sugar-content substrate becomes possible. However, feeding with a high sugar-content substrate does not guarantee high ethanol yield, but would lead to yeast cell death. Such an adverse result is attributed to a combined osmotic effect due to high sugar concentration and inhibitory effect due to high ethanol level. The detailed cause of such an adverse outcome is still unclear. The global ethanol production in 2005 was nearly 14 billion liters. A one-percent increase in ethanol productivity would translate to tens of million of dollars in profit. Thus a high ethanol-yield production process is welcome.