Collective Molecular Dynamic in proteins and membranes

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Even that biological membranes have been studied for decades, very few biologically relevant processes could be revealed on a molecular level. The reason is the combination of very small nanometer length scales and at the same time very fast dynamics of pico- and nanoseconds, which poses particular experimental challenges. The dynamics involve processes from fast motions of lipid molecules and small protein groups to slow conformational changes of large membrane areas and of membrane embedded proteins. Biological materials are therefore considered as "multi-scale" materials and in order to fully characterize the fluctuations experiments must cover an as large as possible range of length and time scales. This issue can only be addressed by using multiple physical techniques and instruments. We propose to combine neutron, x-ray and light scattering techniques to conduct "broadband membrane and protein spectroscopy".