A Longitudinal Study of the Development of Primary Students' Knowledge About the Properties of Spatially-Oriented Diagrams in Mathematics

小学生数学空间图属性知识发展的纵向研究。图是解决新奇（非常规）问题和组织数据的重要工具，因为它们以促进推理的方式集成信息。图表也支持许多技术应用（例如，来自“网络”的网页上的超链接）。美国对成年人进行的突破性研究已经确定了通用图（网络、矩阵、层次结构）的特性。这些属性构成了语言中图解式知识语法的“构建块”。本研究调查了儿童对图表属性的认识以及这一基本知识的形成。其成果将提高21世纪的数学素养，指导课程开发，并为教师教育提供信息。

A Longitudinal Study of the Development of Primary Students' Knowledge About the Properties of Spatially-Oriented Diagrams in Mathematics. Diagrams are important tools for the solution of novel (non-routine) problems and the organization of data because they integrate information in ways that facilitate reasoning. Diagrams also underpin many technological applications (E.g., hyperlinks on web-pages from a "network"). Ground-breaking research in the US with adults has identified the properties of general-purpose diagrams (networks, matrices, hierarchies). These properties constitute the "building blocks" of diagrammatic knowledge - like grammar in language. This study investigates children's knowledge of the properties of diagrams and the formation of this fundamental knowledge. The outcomes will enhance 21st century mathematical literacy, guide curriculum development, and inform teacher education.