Desulphurization and denitrification of gas and liquid streams with concomitant generation of energy in microbial fuel cells

微生物燃料电池中气体和液体流的脱硫和脱硝并同时产生能量

• 批准号: 261376-2008
• 负责人: Nemati, Mehdi
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=479797
• 关键词: Desulphurization; denitrification; gas; liquid; streams

H2S is a highly toxic and corrosive gas present in the natural gas and biogas. Sulphide is also an undesirable component of many wastewaters. Removal of H2S is essential due to its harmful characteristics and for preventing emission of SO2 upon combustion of fuels. Biotreatment of sulphide-laden streams is attractive due to economic advantages, feasibility for treatment of small streams and high efficiency. We have been investigating the potential of Thiomicrospira CVO, a novel sulphide oxidizer isolated from a Canadian oil field, for the removal of sulphide from the liquid streams. CVO is an autotroph which uses sulphide as an electron donor, nitrate as an electron acceptor and CO2 as the sole carbon source. Physiological characteristics of CVO make it suitable for simultaneous removal of sulphide and nitrate from contaminated streams. The first objective of the current proposal is to expand our ongoing research and utilize CVO for the removal of H2S from gaseous streams and generate fundamental knowledge which is crucial for the design and operation of a large scale process. Generation of electricity in microbial fuel cells as a form of renewable energy is gaining momentum. This technology enables direct capture of energy contained in biodegradable compounds, specially in wastewaters, in the form of electricity. To date microbial fuel cells have been used mainly for the treatment of organic wastewaters and only a few studies have dealt with sulphide-containing streams. Moreover, the possibility of simultaneous desulphurization and denitrification in a microbial fuel cell has not been evaluated. The second objective of the current proposal is to study the processes of desulphurization and denitrification in a microbial fuel cell. The basic information generated in our research would significantly increase our understanding of the processes of biodesulphurization and denitrification and the extent of energy which can be extracted from these processes. It will provide us with fundamental information required for the development of an innovative biotechnology for treatment of H2S and nitrate with the possibility of capturing CO2 and electricity generation in fuel cell type bioreactors, the long term objective of our research.

H2S是一种剧毒、腐蚀性气体，存在于天然气和沼气中。硫化物也是许多废水中不需要的成分。由于 H2S 的有害特性，去除 H2S 至关重要，并且为了防止燃料燃烧时 SO2 的排放。由于经济优势、小溪流处理的可行性和高效率，含硫化物溪流的生物处理具有吸引力。我们一直在研究 Thiomicrospira CVO（一种从加拿大油田分离出来的新型硫化物氧化剂）用于去除液流中硫化物的潜力。 CVO是一种自养生物，它使用硫化物作为电子供体，硝酸盐作为电子受体，CO2作为唯一碳源。 CVO 的生理特性使其适合同时去除污染流中的硫化物和硝酸盐。当前提案的第一个目标是扩大我们正在进行的研究，利用 CVO 从气流中去除 H2S，并产生对于大规模工艺的设计和操作至关重要的基础知识。作为一种可再生能源，微生物燃料电池发电的势头正在增强。该技术能够以电力的形式直接捕获可生物降解化合物中所含的能量，特别是废水中的能量。迄今为止，微生物燃料电池主要用于有机废水的处理，只有少数研究涉及含硫化物流。此外，尚未评估微生物燃料电池中同时脱硫和脱硝的可能性。当前提案的第二个目标是研究微生物燃料电池中的脱硫和脱硝过程。我们研究中产生的基本信息将显着增加我们对生物脱硫和脱硝过程以及从这些过程中提取能量的程度的理解。它将为我们提供开发处理硫化氢和硝酸盐的创新生物技术所需的基本信息，并有可能在燃料电池型生物反应器中捕获二氧化碳和发电，这是我们研究的长期目标。