Quantum information: from insight to application

量子信息：从洞察到应用

• 批准号: 312819-2008
• 负责人: Hayden, Patrick
• 金额: $ 2.22万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=481378
• 关键词: Quantum; information; insight; application

Quantum information theory lies squarely in the intersection of computer science, mathematics and theoretical physics. The field has advanced at a tremendous rate over the past ten years, motivated by the development of cryptographic techniques based on quantum mechanics and Shor's celebrated factoring algorithm. This research project will push the boundaries of the field on three fronts. First, the many suprising simplifications and equivalences of the asymptotic theory will be rigorously developed. This area provides the conceptual scaffolding for our understanding of the nature of information in a quantum mechanical world. Simultaneously, the project will pursue the development of the tools needed to take the ideas from the asymptotic theory and make them useful in future quantum computers, specifically polynomial time quantum algorithms for the computations required in the protocols. These efforts, in addition to helping to sharpen our understanding of the basic information resources known as bits, qubits and ebits, will lead to new cryptographic protocols with security based on the laws of physics. The third front in the project will consist of bringing to bear the analytical tools of quantum information theory on problems in physics such as fate of information falling into a black hole and, more prosaically, the design of optimal measurement strategies in mesoscopic detectors.

量子信息理论正好处于计算机科学、数学和理论物理学的交叉点上。在过去的十年里，该领域以惊人的速度发展，这是由于基于量子力学和Shor著名的因子分解算法的密码技术的发展。该研究项目将在三个方面突破该领域的界限。首先，渐近理论的许多令人惊讶的简化和等价性将得到严格的发展。这个领域为我们理解量子力学世界中信息的本质提供了概念框架。与此同时，该项目将继续开发所需的工具，以从渐近理论中汲取思想，并使其在未来的量子计算机中有用，特别是用于协议中所需计算的多项式时间量子算法。这些努力，除了有助于加深我们对比特、量子比特和电子比特等基本信息资源的理解外，还将导致基于物理定律的新的安全加密协议。该项目的第三条战线将包括将量子信息理论的分析工具应用于物理学问题，例如落入黑洞的信息的命运，以及更简单地说，介观探测器中最佳测量策略的设计。