Fruit flavanoids: structure modification, antioxidant properties and mode of action in food and biological model systems

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Canada has a sustainable supply of agricultural bio-resources, which include not only diverse agricultural commodities but also under-utilized bio-waste generated through agricultural production and processing. The World Health Organization has highlighted a changing world disease profile. In North America, significant challenges are being faced from oxidative stress-linked chronic disease epidemics, which are directly or indirectly linked to diet and the environment. Therefore, chemoprevention through diet modification, i.e. increased consumption of fruits and vegetables as well as the use of novel food ingredients derived from fruits and vegetables, will be important in helping to manage the current and emerging health care challenges. Natural plant compounds with antioxidant and cell signaling modulating properties, such as polyphenolics, triterpenes, and carotenoids, are now widely thought by the scientific community to be the principle components in fruits that provide specific health benefits beyond the basic nutritional functions.