Theory of quantum information processing in solid state and hybrid systems

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This research explores the theory of quantum systems that can be used as building blocks for a quantum computer. Quantum computers have the potential to revolutionize tasks that are very hard on even the most powerful present-day machines, including fast search of databases, simulations of modern drugs and materials, and cryptography. Like a modern-day computer with a semiconductor-based processor, magnetic harddrives, and optical networking, a future quantum computer will combine different technologies for different tasks. This research project develops the theory for a hybrid quantum information processor of high performance that can be built exeprimentally. The key element of the architecture is a coherent microwave resonator, essentially a piece of coaxial cable made out of superconducting material. It will serve to couple superconducting integrated circuits as processing elements, spins as memory, and atoms or defects in artificial diamonds as a launchpad for long-distance communication. In this project, the quantum coherence of these coupled systems as well as the optimum use of quantum control tools will be investigated. The theoretical research will facilitate experiments that swap quantum information between electric circuits and a single atom. Also, the conversion of quantum information into photonics for long-distance communications will be studied.