Theory of quantum information processing in solid state and hybrid systems

这项研究探索了可以用作量子计算机构建块的量子系统理论。量子计算机有可能给即使是最强大的现代机器也很难完成的任务带来革命性的变化，包括数据库的快速搜索、现代药物和材料的模拟以及密码学。就像拥有基于半导体处理器、磁性硬盘驱动器和光学网络的现代计算机一样，未来的量子计算机将结合不同的技术来完成不同的任务。这一研究项目发展了一种可经验构建的高性能混合量子信息处理器的理论。该建筑的关键元素是一个相干微波谐振器，本质上是一条由超导材料制成的同轴电缆。它将用于耦合超导集成电路作为处理元件，自旋作为存储器，以及人造钻石中的原子或缺陷作为远程通信的发射台。在这个项目中，将研究这些耦合系统的量子相干性以及量子控制工具的最佳使用。理论研究将为在电路和单个原子之间交换量子信息的实验提供便利。此外，还将研究用于远距离通信的量子信息到光子学的转换。

This research explores the theory of quantum systems that can be used as building blocks for a quantum computer. Quantum computers have the potential to revolutionize tasks that are very hard on even the most powerful present-day machines, including fast search of databases, simulations of modern drugs and materials, and cryptography. Like a modern-day computer with a semiconductor-based processor, magnetic harddrives, and optical networking, a future quantum computer will combine different technologies for different tasks. This research project develops the theory for a hybrid quantum information processor of high performance that can be built exeprimentally. The key element of the architecture is a coherent microwave resonator, essentially a piece of coaxial cable made out of superconducting material. It will serve to couple superconducting integrated circuits as processing elements, spins as memory, and atoms or defects in artificial diamonds as a launchpad for long-distance communication. In this project, the quantum coherence of these coupled systems as well as the optimum use of quantum control tools will be investigated. The theoretical research will facilitate experiments that swap quantum information between electric circuits and a single atom. Also, the conversion of quantum information into photonics for long-distance communications will be studied.