Canadian participation in the integrated ocean drilling program

加拿大参与综合海洋钻探计划

• 批准号: 350852-2010
• 负责人: DeVernal, Anne
• 金额: $ 51.91万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Major Resources Support Program - Infrastructure
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=482601
• 关键词: Canadian; participation; integrated; ocean; drilling

The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) is an international multi-disciplinary scientific endeavour involving twenty-four countries and requiring an operational budget of about US$120 M/year. IODP explores our planet's history as a complex system, archived in seafloor sediments and rocks. It arose from the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP, 1968-1983) and the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP, 1985-2003), which have been among the most successful international collaborative science programs ever conducted, and have revolutionized the understanding of Earth history and dynamics. IODP offers the international community access to multiple drilling platforms and cutting-edge technologies to achieve its scientific goals as outlined in the Initial Science Plan (2003-2013), which focuses on three themes: (1) The deep biosphere and the sub-sea floor ocean, (2) Environmental change, processes and effects, and (3) Solid earth cycles and geodynamics. The first phase of IODP has perpetuated the DSDP/ODP legacy and led to significant discoveries such as the role of the Arctic Ocean in moderating climate changes, and the substantially higher-than-predicted concentration and distribution of gas hydrates along the Cascadia margin. The new drilling facilities of IODP have also recovered the most accurate and complete record of temperature and salinity changes in the southern Pacific from reefs off Tahiti and a complete section through the ocean crust to the gabbroic layer (>1.15 km). This proposal requests funds to continue Canadian participation in IODP for the remaining part of IODP until the end of fiscal year 2013. Current expeditions involving Canadians researchers and students include the New Jersey exp. 313 to document sea-level changes along the northeastern North America, the Bering Sea exp. 323 to explore the role of this gateway on the exchanges between the Pacific and the Arctic Oceans, and the Shatsky Rise exp. 324 to examine mantle geodynamics processes and their impact on the Earth's surface. Canadians are actively participating in an impressive series of drilling proposals in most world oceans, notably in the Arctic where key science issues of immediate concern for Canadians require enhanced research efforts.

综合大洋钻探计划（IODP）是一项涉及24个国家的国际多学科科学努力，每年需要约1.2亿美元的业务预算。IODP探索我们星球作为一个复杂系统的历史，存档在海底沉积物和岩石中。它起源于深海钻探计划（DSDP，1968-1983）和大洋钻探计划（ODP，1985-2003），这是有史以来最成功的国际合作科学计划之一，并彻底改变了对地球历史和动力学的理解。IODP为国际社会提供多种钻井平台和尖端技术，以实现《初步科学计划》（2003-2013年）中概述的科学目标，该计划侧重于三个主题：（1）深层生物圈和海底海洋;（2）环境变化、过程和影响;（3）固体地球循环和地球动力学。IODP的第一阶段延续了DSDP/ODP的遗产，并导致了重大发现，如北冰洋在缓和气候变化方面的作用，以及卡斯卡迪亚边缘沿着天然气水合物的浓度和分布大大高于预期。海洋石油开发项目的新钻井设施还从塔希提岛附近的珊瑚礁以及从大洋地壳到辉长岩层的一个完整剖面（>1.15公里）获得了关于南太平洋温度和盐度变化的最准确和最完整的记录。该提案要求提供资金，以便加拿大在2013财政年度结束前继续参与综合海洋发展方案的剩余部分。目前涉及加拿大研究人员和学生的探险包括新泽西探险队。313记录海平面的变化沿着北美东北部，白令海exp。323，探讨这一门户在太平洋和北冰洋之间的交流中的作用，以及沙茨基海隆的经验。324研究地幔地球动力学过程及其对地球表面的影响。加拿大人正在积极参与在世界大多数海洋，特别是在北极进行钻探的一系列令人印象深刻的提议，在北极，加拿大人迫切关注的关键科学问题需要加强研究工作。