Neurophysiology of human neck and lower limb motoneurons

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Humans interact with their environment through a variety of motor activities such as talking, walking, balancing and performing volitional movements. These daily activities require the precise control of motoneurons controlling multiple muscles to perform the desired action. Although apparently simple, balance, posture and voluntary movements are produced following complex integration of information coming from descending control signals (such as brain) and signals from peripheral receptors (such as skin or muscle receptors). In addition to this complex integration of information, similar human movements can be performed with a different involvement of different signals. An obvious example of this is the possibility to breathe or balance automatically or take conscious control over these actions.