Design and simulation of a hybrid emergency power system for more electric aircraft

该项目建议在更电动的飞机(MEA)中为紧急情况提供更高效和更坚固的电源。首先，考虑了一种由空气发电机(ADG)和电池组并联组成的混合电源。后来，ADG被燃料电池-超级电容器系统取代。该项目的主要目标是开发一个混合电源的模型，并使用仿真和实验结果对该模型进行验证。实现预期目标的方法如下：第一步将对连接到ADG的基本负载进行建模。庞巴迪将提供与CRJ 900相关的基本负载、飞行阶段和负载排序、额定和峰值功率要求的信息。根据这些信息，将在SimPowerSystems(SPS)中开发简化和通用的负荷模型。该项目的下一部分将涵盖ADG-电池混合系统的设计、建模和仿真。通用电池模型和通用ADG模型将用于模拟。该项目的下一部分将是设计、建模、模拟和测试混合系统，该系统由一个燃料电池组和一个电池和/或超级电容器组成。同样由ETS开发的燃料电池和电池的通用型号将是实现这一目的的完美起点。为了准确确定模型参数和验证模型性能，将在埃茨电力电子实验室实施该系统的简化原型。该项目的最后部分将专注于对MEA中存在的变压器整流单元(TRU)和电液静压执行器(EHA)等负载进行建模。该项目展示了燃料电池在航空领域的新应用。随着燃料电池组件(电极、膜和催化剂)和加压氢气罐技术的最新进展，燃料电池可以被认为是飞机电气系统的潜在来源。该项目不仅在燃料消耗和维护方面对飞机公司有利，而且由于燃料电池产生的电力具有低毒性排放，因此对环境也是有利的。

This project proposes a more efficient and robust power supply for emergency situations in a more electric aircraft (MEA). At first, a hybrid power supply consisting of an air driven genertor (ADG) connected in parallel with a battery pack is considered for the study. Later on, the ADG is replaced by the fuel cells-ultra capacitor system. The main goals of this project are to develop a model of the hybrid power supply and to validate this model using simulation and experimental results.The methodology to achieve the desired goals is the following: The first step will be to model essential loads connected to the ADG. Bombardier will provide information regarding essential loads, flight phases and load sequencing, nominal and peak power requirement associated with the CRJ 900. Based on that information, simplified and generic load models will be developed in SimPowerSystems (SPS). The next section of the project will cover the design, modeling and simulation of the ADG-battery hybrid system. Generic battery and ADG models developed by ÉTS (École de technologie supérieure) will be used for the simulation. The next part of this project will be to design, model, simulate and test the hybrid system, which consists of a fuel cell stack in parallel with a battery and/or super capacitors. Generic models of the fuel cell and battery also developed by ÉTS will be a perfect starting point for the purpose. A reduced prototype of the system will be implemented at the ÉTS power electronics laboratory in order to determine accurately the model parameters and to validate the model performance. The final part of the project will focus on the modeling of loads such as the transformer rectifier unit (TRU) and the electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) which are present in MEA.This project presents a new application of fuel cells in aeronautics. With recent technological advances on fuel cell components (electrodes, membrane and catalysts) and pressurized hydrogen tanks, fuel cells can be considered as potential source in aircraft electrical systems. This project will be beneficial to aircraft companies not only in term of fuel consumption and maintenance, but also environmentally as fuel cells produce power with low toxic emissions.