The molecular basis of pre- and post-invasion defense mechanisms in plants

植物入侵前和入侵后防御机制的分子基础

• 批准号: 227398-2011
• 负责人: Wei, Yangdou
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=506646
• 关键词: molecular; basis; pre; post; invasion

Plant diseases are constantly posing threats to our environment and sustainable world food supply. However, most plants exploit their innate immunity to successfully withstand infection by the vast majority of pathogens that attack them. Plants have evolved an enormous array of mechanical and chemical defenses that are deployed at the penetration- and post-invasion stages of pathogen ingress and growth. Nevertheless, over the past decades, extensive research has been conducted to decipher mechanisms utilized by hosts to ward off would-be pathogens, but much more work is still needed to incorporate the information gained into a successful resistance breeding program. Towards the understanding of molecular determinants of disease resistance, we previously constructed a cDNA library from wheat epidermis challenge-inoculated with powdery mildew. In-depth analysis of expressed sequence tags generated from this library and subsequent expression profiling of identified genes divulged the identification of novel components of the plant immune system. To determine their functional roles and implication in defense-associated pathways, we aim to conduct mutational, genetic and biochemical analyses of well established Arabidopsis-fungal pathosystems. This study will also unveil potential metabolic pathways and signalling mediators of Arabidopsis immunity. Therefore, the objective of the research proposed here is to catalogue these indispensable components and to assemble them in an integrated network. The output of this project will bring about a blueprint to engineer durable, broad-spectrum disease resistance in economically important crops, such as canola and other brassicas.

植物病害不断对我们的环境和可持续的世界粮食供应构成威胁。然而，大多数植物利用它们的先天免疫力，成功地抵御了绝大多数攻击它们的病原体的感染。植物进化出了大量的机械和化学防御系统，这些防御系统部署在病原体侵入和生长的穿透和入侵后阶段。然而，在过去的几十年里，人们已经进行了广泛的研究，以破译寄主用来抵御潜在病原体的机制，但要将获得的信息纳入成功的抗性育种计划，还需要做更多的工作。为了了解抗病的分子决定因素，我们先前从白粉病攻击接种的小麦表皮构建了一个cDNA文库。对该文库产生的表达序列标签的深入分析以及随后识别的基因的表达谱揭示了植物免疫系统的新成分的鉴定。为了确定它们在防御相关途径中的功能作用和意义，我们的目标是对已建立的拟南芥真菌病理系统进行突变、遗传和生化分析。这项研究还将揭示拟南芥免疫的潜在代谢途径和信号介体。因此，本文提出的研究目标是对这些不可或缺的组成部分进行分类，并将它们组装成一个完整的网络。该项目的成果将为在重要的经济作物，如油菜籽和其他油菜中设计持久的、广谱的抗病能力带来蓝图。