Modelling environmental effects on ecosystem productivity under diverse climates, soils and land use practices with the ecosystem simulation model ecosys

正在使用基于过程的生态系统模拟模型，对气候、干扰、土地利用和土壤质量假想变化下的生态系统生产力和温室气体交换的变化进行预测。开发和测试此类模型是加拿大碳计划(CCP)和北美碳计划(NACP)等国内和国际研究项目的既定目标。我的研究计划致力于构建和测试自然和管理生态系统的综合数学模型(生态系统)。该模型以生物气象学、植物生物学、植物生物化学、农学、土壤生物学、土壤物理和土壤化学等几个学科的基本原理为基础。这项研究的创新性质在于将这些原理整合成一个单一的数学实体，可以再现陆地生态系统的复杂行为。我的计划的长期目标是提供一种方法，以预测生态系统对假设的环境条件(土壤、气候、干扰和土地利用)变化的反应(碳、养分、水分状况的变化)。在这些较长期的目标中，我建议在生态系统中测试控制生态系统生产力对(1)泥炭地水文和(2)农作物变暖的响应的过程的模拟。这项测试将得到以下最新测量的支持：(1)CCP泥炭地的持续水分转移和二氧化碳交换，以及(2)USDA-ARS在自然田野条件下对作物的控制变暖。水文和气候变暖对生产力影响的模拟是基于独立实验室研究建立的基本物理和生物过程的动力学，但尚未在田间条件下进行测试。拟议的工作将有助于提高生态系统对不同生态系统生产力变化的预测能力，这些变化受气候、土壤质量和不同国家研究项目的土地利用的影响，我是这些项目的首席研究员或联合研究员。

Projections of changes in ecosystem productivity and greenhouse gas exchange under hypothesized changes in climate, disturbance, land use and soil quality are being made using process-based ecosystem simulation models. The development and testing of such models is a stated objective of national and international research projects such as the Canadian Carbon Program (CCP) and the North American Carbon Program (NACP). My research program is dedicated to the construction and testing of a comprehensive mathematical model (ecosys) of natural and managed ecosystems. This model is based upon fundamental principles in several component disciplines, including biometeorology, plant biology, plant biochemistry, agronomy, soil biology, soil physics, and soil chemistry. The innovative nature of this research lies in the integration of these principles into a single mathematical entity that can reproduce the complex behaviour of terrestrial ecosystems. The long-term objectives of my program are to provide a means to anticipate ecosystem response (changes in C, nutrient, water status) to hypothesized changes in environmental conditions (soils, climates, disturbance and land use). Within these longer-term objectives, I propose to test the simulation in ecosys of processes that control the responses of ecosystem productivity to (1) hydrology in peatlands, and (2) warming in crops. This testing will be supported by recent measurements of (1) continuous water transfer and CO2 exchange in peatlands in the CCP, and (2) controlled warming of crops under natural field conditions by the USDA-ARS. The simulation of hydrological and warming effects on productivity is based upon kinetics of basic physical and biological processes established from independent laboratory studies, but not as yet tested under field conditions. The proposed work will contribute to the predictive capability of ecosys for changes in the productivity of diverse ecosystems as affected by climate, soil quality and land use in different national research projects in which I am a principal investigator or co-investigator.