Electromagnetic measurement system for intravascular motion compensation

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This research grant proposal aimed at providing motion compensation during percutaneous coronary interventions. A novel image-based motion compensation technique was recently proposed from our research group, based on a monoplane X-ray angiography sequence. A validation was conducted using simulated results and offline clinical datasets, but a validation in 3D is still required. Validation of 2D image-based motion compensation is difficult, since no ground truth motion in 3D is available during the intervention to compare against. An electromagnetic measurement system (EMS) for real-time intravascular navigation would provide an adequate means to validate of our motion compensation technique. This EMS would provide real-time 6 degrees of freedom spatial measurements of elongated structures representing coronary arteries under a certain motion. A custom mounted magnetic tracked guide wire, inserted through a catheter inside a coronary phantom, will provide real-time measurements. Realtime measurements would provide an optimal means of validating the predicted motion from X-ray angiography. The EMS measurement system would provide a ground truth from which our proposed image-based motion compensation can be compared against. This will be helpful for our graduate students to develop a rigorous approach for data validation and scientific objectivity both necessary in medical imaging research. Moreover, this research instrumentation will be used for other intravascular research projects such as OCT and IVUS imaging requiring real time 3D positions for validation purpose. Advanced visualization tools of medical image data are paramount to ensure safe navigation during PCI. However, PCI remains highly challenging since cardiologists must rely on occasional contrast injection to assess coronary topology in 2D. Image registration of preoperative 3D image with 2D online X-ray imaging would be helpful for navigation guidance. This grant application is aimed at supporting an individual NSERC Discovery Grant 2010 to 2014.