Perceived affordances for human biomechanics at work

工作中人体生物力学的感知可供性

• 批准号: 327343-2012
• 负责人: Doan, Jonathon
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: University of Lethbridge
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=509047
• 关键词: Perceived; affordances; human; biomechanics; work

A sample of workers, exposed to identical job tasks and physical loading, dissociate over time into a group who report disabling soft tissue injury and a group who do not. The critical characteristics that determine group membership are not clearly understood. Longitudinal studies have identified various physiological, biomechanical, and psychophysical factors that contribute to increased injury risk, typically constructed in a multi-factorial model. However, the specific factors and levels are equivocal and contradictory between studies, and a neuropsychological basis for these behavioural differences is undetermined. Gibson's pioneering work in ecological psychology provides a robust model for the relationship between context and action, in the theory of affordances. Systematic exploration of behaviour in activities of daily living has revealed strong associations between features of the environment and motor ability or task-relevant anthropometrics of participants. While work activities have previously been examined through general psychophysical methods (eg. Snook tables for acceptable task limits), empirical studies of occupational tasks within an affordance theory paradigm present an important next step for developing practical and effective soft tissue injury risk controls.

一个工人的样本，暴露在相同的工作任务和体力负荷下，随着时间的推移，分解成一组报告致残性软组织损伤和一组没有。决定群体成员的关键特征没有被清楚地理解。纵向研究已经确定了各种生理、生物力学和心理物理因素会增加伤害风险，这些因素通常是在多因素模型中构建的。然而，具体的因素和水平在研究之间是模棱两可和矛盾的，这些行为差异的神经心理学基础尚未确定。吉布森在生态心理学方面的开创性工作为情景和行为之间的关系提供了一个强有力的模型，即可视性理论。对日常生活活动中行为的系统探索揭示了环境特征与参与者的运动能力或与任务相关的人体测量学之间的强烈关联。虽然工作活动以前是通过一般的心理物理方法(例如：Snook表（可接受的任务限制），在功能化理论范式中对职业任务的实证研究为开发实用有效的软组织损伤风险控制提供了重要的下一步。