Perceived affordances for human biomechanics at work

工作中人体生物力学的感知可供性

• 批准号: 327343-2012
• 负责人: Doan, Jonathon
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: University of Lethbridge
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=571993
• 关键词: Perceived; affordances; human; biomechanics; work

A sample of workers, exposed to identical job tasks and physical loading, dissociate over time into a group who report disabling soft tissue injury and a group who do not. The critical characteristics that determine group membership are not clearly understood. Longitudinal studies have identified various physiological, biomechanical, and psychophysical factors that contribute to increased injury risk, typically constructed in a multi-factorial model. However, the specific factors and levels are equivocal and contradictory between studies, and a neuropsychological basis for these behavioural differences is undetermined. Gibson's pioneering work in ecological psychology provides a robust model for the relationship between context and action, in the theory of affordances. Systematic exploration of behaviour in activities of daily living has revealed strong associations between features of the environment and motor ability or task-relevant anthropometrics of participants. While work activities have previously been examined through general psychophysical methods (eg. Snook tables for acceptable task limits), empirical studies of occupational tasks within an affordance theory paradigm present an important next step for developing practical and effective soft tissue injury risk controls. The purpose of the proposed research is to examine the biomechanics of occupational behaviour with a task affordance framework. This research will identify the spatiotemporal parameters for visual perception of affordance, and develop associations between environmental cues, visual attention, perceived affordances, and occupational biomechanics. The research will also provide the first look at the influence of state and trait characteristics on the mechanics of affordance extraction, perceived affordances, and kinematic parameters of occupational behaviour. Finally, the proposed program of research will look at practical cueing strategies to modify workers' affordances and behaviours into injury-safe lifting and handling practices, and industrial engineering risk control methods, for Canadian workplaces.

工人的样本，暴露于相同的工作任务和物理负荷，随着时间的推移，解离成一组谁报告致残软组织损伤和一组谁不。 决定群体成员资格的关键特征尚未得到明确理解。 纵向研究已经确定了导致损伤风险增加的各种生理、生物力学和心理物理因素，这些因素通常构建在多因素模型中。 然而，具体的因素和水平是模棱两可的和矛盾的研究之间，这些行为差异的神经心理学基础是不确定的。 吉布森在生态心理学方面的开创性工作为情境与行动之间的关系提供了一个强大的模型，即启示理论。 对日常生活活动中行为的系统探索揭示了环境特征与参与者的运动能力或任务相关人体测量学之间的强烈关联。 虽然工作活动以前已经通过一般的心理物理方法进行了检查（例如。Snook表可接受的任务限制），职业任务的实证研究中的启示理论范式提出了一个重要的下一步发展的实际和有效的软组织损伤风险控制。 本研究的目的是在任务示能框架下探讨职业行为的生物力学。 本研究将确定视觉感知的启示的时空参数，并开发环境线索，视觉注意力，感知的启示，和职业生物力学之间的关联。 这项研究还将提供第一次看状态和特质特征的影响，对力学的启示提取，感知启示，和运动参数的职业行为。 最后，拟议的研究方案将着眼于实际的提示策略，以修改工人的能力和行为，使其成为加拿大工作场所的伤害安全的起重和处理方法，以及工业工程风险控制方法。