The physical chemistry of macromolecular conformation and directed aggregation: towards control of nanoparticle aggregates and composites

大分子构象和定向聚集的物理化学：控制纳米颗粒聚集体和复合材料

• 批准号: 106361-2010
• 负责人: Goh, MCynthia
• 金额: $ 5.46万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=513632
• 关键词: physical; chemistry; macromolecular; conformation; directed

Large molecules (e.g, polymers, proteins and nucleic acids) can have a variety of conformations. When in the condensed phase, whether pure or in mixtures, the material properties depend not just on composition but also on conformation and intermolecular organization. From the point of view of applications, this presents an alternative approach - that material properties can be altered not by breaking and making chemical bonds, but by a simple physical approach that relies on materials processing. Such approach is pursued mainly empirically in the polymer industry but has not been fully analyzed or exploited elsewhere. The goal of this program is to get insight on the interactions of large molecules, to control their conformation, their ability to aggregate with each other and to form composite materials. We will look at the formation of nanoparticle systems of three different types: biomolecules; polymers, particularly polyelectrolytes; and polymer-inorganic nanoparticle hybrids. These nanoparticles will then be made to form higher order aggregates and nanocomposites, targetting desirable properties and functionalities. At each stage, the work will involve: (1) developing an approach for making and handling the initial material, (2) characterization, primarily with microscopy and spectroscopy; (3) measurement of properties; (4) initial computation and modeling; and (5) design and implementation of material with targeted properties.

大分子（例如聚合物、蛋白质和核酸）可以具有多种构象。当处于凝聚相时，无论是纯的还是混合物，材料的性质不仅取决于组成，还取决于构象和分子间组织。从应用的角度来看，这提供了一种替代方法-材料特性可以通过破坏和形成化学键来改变，而是通过依赖于材料加工的简单物理方法来改变。这种方法主要在聚合物工业中以经验为基础，但在其他地方尚未得到充分分析或利用。该计划的目标是深入了解大分子的相互作用，控制它们的构象，它们相互聚集的能力，并形成复合材料。我们将研究三种不同类型的纳米颗粒系统的形成：生物分子;聚合物，特别是聚电解质;和聚合物-无机纳米颗粒混合物。这些纳米粒子将形成更高层次的聚集体和纳米复合材料，目标是所需的性能和功能。在每个阶段，工作将涉及：（1）开发制造和处理初始材料的方法，（2）表征，主要是显微镜和光谱学;（3）测量性能;（4）初始计算和建模;（5）设计和实现具有目标性能的材料。