Quantum materials and ultra-cold chemistry with atomic and molecular gases

量子材料和原子和分子气体的超冷化学

• 批准号: 299095-2009
• 负责人: Madison, Kirk
• 金额: $ 2.99万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=514790
• 关键词: Quantum; materials; ultra; cold; chemistry

Recent technological breakthroughs in laser cooling have made the study of ultracold atoms one of the most attractive and active research fields in the physical sciences for the last 10 years. The broad impact and importance of ultracold atoms and related technologies were highlighted by the award of the 1997, 2001, and 2005 Nobel prizes in physics. At the same time, interest in cold molecules has begun to explode in the last five years. It is now widely accepted that ultracold molecules offer access to the same science as cold atoms and also to completely new possibilities, beyond those offered by cold atoms, to study a wide range of fundamental and practical questions in both physics and chemistry. The importance of ultracold molecules in relation to ultracold atoms arises from the features of molecules which make them distinct from atoms. These features are that the particle-particle interactions can be much larger, have a richer spatial structure, and have a longer range than in atoms. Molecules also have additional internal degrees of freedom, including rotations and vibrations, absent in atoms. Ensembles of ultracold molecules are therefore a treasury of new frontiers in both chemistry and physics.

最近激光冷却技术的突破使超冷原子的研究成为近10年来物理科学中最具吸引力和最活跃的研究领域之一。1997年、2001年和2005年诺贝尔物理学奖的颁发突显了超冷原子及其相关技术的广泛影响和重要性。与此同时，对冷分子的兴趣在过去五年里开始爆炸式增长。现在人们普遍认为，超冷分子提供了与冷原子相同的科学途径，也提供了完全新的可能性，超越了冷原子提供的可能性，以研究物理学和化学中广泛的基础和实际问题。超冷分子相对于超冷原子的重要性源于分子的特性，这使它们有别于原子。这些特征是粒子与粒子的相互作用可以比原子中的大得多，具有更丰富的空间结构，并且具有更长的射程。分子还有额外的内部自由度，包括旋转和振动，这在原子中是不存在的。因此，超冷分子的集合是化学和物理学的新前沿的宝库。