Spectroscopy of aerosols and nanoparticles

气溶胶和纳米粒子的光谱学

• 批准号: 355869-2011
• 负责人: Signorell, Ruth
• 金额: $ 5.1万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=515195
• 关键词: Spectroscopy; aerosols; nanoparticles

Aerosols are suspensions of solid particles or liquid droplets in a gas, which are ubiquitous in our world and indeed throughout the solar system. On Earth, concentrations range from thousands to hundreds of thousands of particles per milliliter of air, with particle sizes from subnanometers to many microns. The environmental impacts of aerosols are as diverse as they are important, including scattering solar radiation, nucleating cloud droplets, and even health issues as particles deposit deep within the human pulmonary system. Aerosols play a crucial role in determining the climate and the overall meteorological cycle not only on Earth, but also on other planets and moons. Still their climate and health impacts are in general poorly understood. A large source of uncertainty arises from our insufficient fundamental understanding of how aerosols interact with light including solar radiation, how they form from the gas phase, and how cloud droplets freeze. This proposal addresses these central issues from a fundamental physical-chemical perspective. For that purpose, we develop novel instrumentation for the characterization and monitoring of aerosols and nanoparticles and employ specially tailored theoretical approaches for a detailed analysis of the experimental results. The proposed research will contribute to a better understanding of aerosol climate impacts, air pollution control, and particle analytics. It will enhance the training opportunities of highly qualified personnel in key sectors, thus contributing to the competitiveness of Canadian industry and academia.

气溶胶是固体颗粒或液滴在气体中的悬浮物，在我们的世界乃至整个太阳系中无处不在。在地球上，每毫升空气中的颗粒浓度从数千到数十万不等，颗粒大小从亚纳米到许多微米。气溶胶对环境的影响是多种多样的，因为它们是重要的，包括散射太阳辐射，成核云滴，甚至健康问题的颗粒存款深在人体肺部系统。气溶胶不仅在地球上，而且在其他行星和卫星上，在决定气候和整体气象循环方面发挥着至关重要的作用。总体而言，人们对它们对气候和健康的影响仍然知之甚少。一个很大的不确定性来源于我们对气溶胶如何与包括太阳辐射在内的光相互作用、它们如何从气相形成以及云滴如何冻结的基本理解不足。该提案从基本的物理化学角度解决了这些核心问题。 为此，我们开发了用于气溶胶和纳米颗粒的表征和监测的新型仪器，并采用专门定制的理论方法对实验结果进行详细分析。拟议的研究将有助于更好地了解气溶胶气候影响，空气污染控制和颗粒分析。它将增加关键部门高素质人员的培训机会，从而有助于提高加拿大工业和学术界的竞争力。