Lattice Boltzmann Methods for Real Time Simulations of Complex Physics, blood flow

在许多工业、生物、环境和地球物理过程中，可能会遇到复杂的物理和多相流，包括有或没有传热和传质；例如，血液在可变形通道中的流动。血液由红血球、白血球和血小板组成。这些不相容的颗粒是可变形的，漂浮在流动在弹性通道中的等离子体中，进一步增加了问题的复杂性。近年来，应用格子Boltzmann方法(LBM)来解决流动问题越来越受到人们的关注，它已经成为解决物理问题的一种强有力的技术。LBM很容易编码，并且可以灵活地允许包含多个物理来解决手头的问题。然而，这种方法相对较新，还有很大的推广空间，特别是在多物理领域。这项建议的主要目标是：了解复杂血流在可变形和非光滑血管中流动的物理学，以模拟真实的血液流动。同时，研究与血液流动相关的热质传递。需要开发和解决更现实的特定和多相流中的血液流动模型，以加强我们对血液流动阻塞、药物输送过程和与之相关的健康问题的物理理解。它的目的是使用基于离散方法的统一方法--LBM来建立此类系统的数学模型。开发的模型将应用于特定的问题(血液流动、生物细胞中的流动、油滴和水滴等)。此外，该模型将利用LBM的本地性质，利用带有显卡的多处理器计算机来加速实时模拟。长期目标是开发一个统一的平台来模拟流体流动和固体相互作用，具有可视化的界面，实时模拟。此外，还将进行实验室规模的实验，以验证所开发的模型。实验数据和流动可视化将增加我们对所考虑的复杂现象的物理学的理解。该项目将培训几名研究生，并为他们解决多学科的、具有挑战性的工业/生物问题做好准备。

Complex physics and multi-phase flows with and without heat and mass transfer can be encountered in many industrial, biological, environmental, and geophysical processes; for instance, blood flow in deformable channels. The blood consists of red and white blood cells and platelets. These immiscible particles are deformable and float in a plasma which flows in elastic channels, adding further complexity to the problem. Recently, there has been a growing interest in applying the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) to solve flow problems, which has emerged as a powerful technique to tackle physical problems. The LBM is easy to code, and enjoys the flexibility of allowing the inclusion of multi-physics to solve the problems at hand. However, the method is relatively new; much room remains for expanding it, especially in the realm of multi-physics. The main objectives of this proposal are: to understand the physics of complex blood flows in deformable and non-smooth vessel to mimic a real blood flow. Also, to study heat and mass transfer associated with blood flow. More realistic models for blood flow in specific and multiphase flows in general need to develop and solve, which enhance our understanding the physics of blood flow blockage, drug delivery processes and health problems associated with it. It is intended to develop mathematical models for such systems using a unified approach based on discrete method, the LBM. The developed models will be applied to specific problems (blood flow, flows in biological cells, oil and water droplets, etc.). Also, the model will take advantage of the local nature of LBM to utilize multi-processor computers with graphic card to speed real time simulations. The long-term objective is to develop a unified platform to model fluid flow and solid interaction with visual interface, real time simulation. Moreover, lab scale experiments will be performed to validate the developed models. The experimental data and flow visualizations will add to reinforce our understanding of the physics of the complex phenomena under consideration. The project will train several graduate students and prepare them for solving multi-disciplinary, challenging industrial/biological problems.