Regulation of complex cellular interactions by mechanical forces: mathematical modeling and experimental studies of bone turnover

机械力调节复杂的细胞相互作用：骨转换的数学模型和实验研究

• 批准号: 288253-2010
• 负责人: Komarova, Svetlana
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=525755
• 关键词: Regulation; complex; cellular; interactions; mechanical

One of the main functions of bone is to provide mechanical support for the body. Importantly, bone can adjust its structure to match the physical demands of a body, so that bone mass increases in a physically active person and decreases in an inactive, and especially immobilized person. One of the situations where bone loss due to decrease in physical demand is observed is prolonged space travel. To change the structure of bone tissue, two cell types are employed: osteoclasts that destroy bone and osteoblasts that build bone. Mechanical forces can induce direct changes within osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In addition, mechanical forces can affect the type and amount of soluble molecules produced by bone cells, thus affecting their communications. The objectives of our studies are to examine how mechanical forces affect a) individual bone cells, b) interactions between bone cells of the same type and of different type, and c) subsequent functions of bone cell. In addition to experimental approaches, we will use mathematical modeling to help in our analysis of complex processes induced by mechanical forces within and between bone cells. These studies are important for our overall understanding of bone sensitivity and adaptation to mechanical forces, and may help to overcome bone loss induced by prolonged bed rest and exposure to microgravity.

骨骼的主要功能之一是为身体提供机械支撑。重要的是，骨骼可以调整其结构以匹配身体的生理需求，因此身体活动的人的骨量增加，而不活动的人，特别是固定的人的骨量减少。观察到由于身体需求减少而导致骨丢失的情况之一是长时间的太空旅行。为了改变骨组织的结构，使用两种细胞类型：破坏骨的破骨细胞和成骨细胞。机械力可以诱导成骨细胞和破骨细胞内的直接变化。此外，机械力可以影响骨细胞产生的可溶性分子的类型和数量，从而影响它们的通信。 我们研究的目的是检查机械力如何影响a）单个骨细胞，B）相同类型和不同类型的骨细胞之间的相互作用，以及c）骨细胞的后续功能。除了实验方法，我们将使用数学建模来帮助我们分析骨细胞内和骨细胞之间的机械力引起的复杂过程。这些研究对于我们全面了解骨敏感性和对机械力的适应性非常重要，并可能有助于克服长时间卧床休息和暴露于微重力引起的骨丢失。