Arctic field studies of Metal-Organic Interactions at Snow-Atmosphere Interface

北极雪-大气界面金属-有机相互作用的实地研究

• 批准号: 314989-2010
• 负责人: Ariya, Parisa
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=526659
• 关键词: Arctic; field; studies; Metal; Organic

The interaction between aerosols and clouds is a significant factor affecting the magnitude of the climate change and is a major research topic recognized by the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC; 2007). Since little is known about the interaction between aerosols and clouds, a research initiative focused on this subject is of major importance. This project is thus dedicated to address this knowledge gap through selected field studies in atmospheric chemistry with a focus on interactions of metallic and organic containing aerosols. Although heterogeneously catalyzed reactions in the stratosphere have been well established for several decades, the atmospheric physio-chemical processes promoted by snow packs and air water interface have been largely overlooked until very recently. Chemistry and photochemistry within the snow pack and air-ice-water interface are increasingly recognised as significant contributors to air quality and cloud formation in the lower troposphere, with substantial impacts on climate change. While numerous field studies in the last five years, including those of our group, have identified the snow pack as a significant (and often dominant) source of various chemical species, the measured mixing ratios cannot be interpreted within current atmospheric chemistry models.Building on our pioneering Arctic research in the areas of atmospheric chemistry of mercury as well as (bio)organic physical and analytical atmospheric chemistry, our research will now move to the next level of complexity. Questions to be addressed include:

气溶胶和云之间的相互作用是影响气候变化幅度的重要因素，也是国际气候变化专门委员会（IPCC; 2007）认可的主要研究课题。由于对气溶胶和云之间的相互作用知之甚少，因此针对这一主题开展研究具有重大意义。 因此，该项目致力于通过大气化学领域的选定实地研究来填补这一知识空白，重点是金属和有机气溶胶的相互作用。虽然平流层中的非均相催化反应已经建立了几十年，大气物理化学过程所促进的积雪和空气-水界面一直在很大程度上被忽视，直到最近。雪包和空气-冰-水界面内的化学和光化学越来越被认为是对流层低层空气质量和云形成的重要贡献者，对气候变化有重大影响。虽然过去五年的许多实地研究，包括我们小组的研究，已经确定积雪是一个重要的由于北极是各种化学物质的主要来源，因此无法在现有的大气化学模型中解释所测得的混合比。基于我们在汞的大气化学以及（生物）有机物理和分析大气化学领域的开创性研究，我们的研究现在将进入下一个复杂的阶段。需要解决的问题包括：