Probing the physics of confinement: the GlueX Project

探索约束的物理原理：GlueX 项目

• 批准号: 326516-2012
• 负责人: Papandreou, Zisis
• 金额: $ 11.29万
• 依托单位: University of Regina
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Project
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=526692
• 关键词: Probing; physics; confinement; GlueX; Project

Subatomic physics seeks to understand nature - and all its laws - at the most fundamental level, down to its elementary constituents and their interactions. Tremendous strides have been made in the last several decades, using accelerators and astrophysical observations, that have strengthened our conviction that the basic model, known as the Standard Model (SM), is essentially a valid - but not necessarily complete - description of the subatomic world. Its success is based fundamentally on the concept of asymptotic freedom, which stipulates that the quarks, the most elemental particles, behave as "free" particles when their separation distance is small (such as in high energy collisions) so that analytical calculations of their "weakened" interactions can be made. However, when the quarks are bound together to form matter as we know it, their interactions are so strong that they cannot be separated and cannot exist as individual "free" quarks. This is an experimental fact that imposes and additional aspect to the SM, that of "quark confinement". Its exact nature remains one of the outstanding problems in physics.

亚原子物理学试图在最基本的层面上理解自然及其所有定律，直到其基本成分及其相互作用。 在过去的几十年里，利用加速器和天体物理观测已经取得了巨大的进步，这加强了我们的信念，即被称为标准模型（SM）的基本模型基本上是亚原子世界的有效描述，但不一定是完整的。 它的成功基本上是基于渐近自由的概念，它规定夸克，最基本的粒子，当它们的分离距离很小时（例如在高能碰撞中）表现为“自由”粒子，以便可以对它们的“减弱”相互作用进行分析计算。 然而，当夸克被束缚在一起形成物质时，它们的相互作用是如此之强，以至于它们不能被分离，也不能作为单独的“自由”夸克存在。 这是一个实验事实，它给SM增加了一个额外的方面，即“夸克禁闭”。 它的确切性质仍然是物理学中悬而未决的问题之一。